Files
Mortdecai eecebe7ef5 docs: add canonical tooling corpus (147 files) from Google/HF/frameworks
Five-lane parallel research pass. Each subdir under tooling/ has its own
README indexing downloaded files with verified upstream sources.

- google-official/: deepmind-gemma JAX examples, gemma_pytorch scripts,
  gemma.cpp API server docs, google-gemma/cookbook notebooks, ai.google.dev
  HTML snapshots, Gemma 3 tech report
- huggingface/: 8 gemma-4-* model cards, chat-template .jinja files,
  tokenizer_config.json, transformers gemma4/ source, launch blog posts,
  official HF Spaces app.py
- inference-frameworks/: vLLM/llama.cpp/MLX/Keras-hub/TGI/Gemini API/Vertex AI
  comparison, run_commands.sh with 8 working launches, 9 code snippets
- gemma-family/: 12 per-variant briefs (ShieldGemma 2, CodeGemma, PaliGemma 2,
  Recurrent/Data/Med/TxGemma, Embedding/Translate/Function/Dolphin/SignGemma)
- fine-tuning/: Unsloth Gemma 4 notebooks, Axolotl YAMLs (incl 26B-A4B MoE),
  TRL scripts, Google cookbook fine-tune notebooks, recipe-recommendation.md

Findings that update earlier CORPUS_* docs are flagged in tooling/README.md
(not applied) — notably the new <|turn>/<turn|> prompt format, gemma_pytorch
abandonment, gemma.cpp Gemini-API server, transformers AutoModelForMultimodalLM,
FA2 head_dim=512 break, 26B-A4B MoE quantization rules, no Gemma 4 tech
report PDF yet, no Gemma-4-generation specialized siblings yet.

Pre-commit secrets hook bypassed per user authorization — flagged "secrets"
are base64 notebook cell outputs and example Ed25519 keys in the HDP
agentic-security demo, not real credentials.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-04-18 12:24:48 -04:00

7467 lines
375 KiB
HTML
Raw Permalink Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters
This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="no-js glue-flexbox keyword-blog" lang="en-us" data-locale="en-us" data-version="pr20260415-1638">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
<title>Gemma 4: Our most capable open models to date</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0" />
<meta name="optimize_experiments" content="[]">
<!--Article Specific Metadata-->
<meta name="description" content="Gemma 4: our most intelligent open models to date, purpose-built for advanced reasoning and agentic workflows."/>
<meta name="keywords" content="None"/>
<meta name="article-author" content="Clement Farabet, Olivier Lacombe"/>
<meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large">
<!--Open Graph Metadata-->
<meta property="og:type" content="article" />
<meta property="og:title" content="Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models"/>
<meta property="og:description" content="Gemma 4: our most intelligent open models to date, purpose-built for advanced reasoning and agentic workflows." />
<meta property="og:image" content="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/gemma-4_blog_keyword_meta-dark.width-1300.png" />
<meta property="og:site_name" content="Google" />
<meta property="og:url" content="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/" />
<meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/Google/" />
<meta property="article:published_time" content="2026-04-02" />
<!--Twitter Card Metadata-->
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
<meta name="twitter:url" content="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/" />
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models"/>
<meta name="twitter:description" content="Gemma 4: our most intelligent open models to date, purpose-built for advanced reasoning and agentic workflows." />
<meta name="twitter:image:src" content="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/gemma-4_blog_keyword_meta-dark.width-1300.png" />
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@google" />
<script type="application/ld+json">
{
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"mainEntityOfPage": "https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/",
"headline": "Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models",
"datePublished": "2026-04-02T16:00:00+00:00",
"dateModified": "2026-04-03T17:04:49.987411+00:00",
"description": "Gemma 4: our most intelligent open models to date, purpose-built for advanced reasoning and agentic workflows.",
"author": {
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Clement Farabet"
},
"publisher": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Google",
"logo": {
"@type": "ImageObject",
"url": "https://blog.google/static/blogv2/images/google-1000x1000.png?version=pr20260415-1638",
"width": "200",
"height": "200"
}
},
"image": {
"@type": "ImageObject",
"url": "https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/gemma-4_blog_keyword_meta-dark.width-1300.png",
"width": "1440",
"height": "810"
},
"speakable": {
"@type": "SpeakableSpecification"
}
}
</script>
<meta name="page" content="84029" />
<meta name="locale" content="en-us" />
<meta name="published_time" content="2026-04-02T16:00:00+00:00" />
<meta name="content_type" content="blogv2.articlepage" />
<meta name="tags" content="Developer tools,Gemini models" />
<meta name="authors" content="Clement Farabet,Olivier Lacombe" />
<style>@keyframes showAndTranslateLeft{0%{left:0;opacity:0}to{left:36px;opacity:1}}@keyframes showAndTranslateRight{0%{opacity:0;right:0}to{opacity:1;right:36px}}@keyframes dash{0%{stroke-dashoffset:187}50%{stroke-dashoffset:46.75;transform:rotate(135deg)}to{stroke-dashoffset:187;transform:rotate(450deg)}}@keyframes slideInFromRight{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateX(2%)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateX(0)}}html{-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;--google-font-family:"Google Sans",roboto,arial,helvetica;--roboto-font-family:"Google Sans",roboto,arial,helvetica;--roboto-mono-font-family:"Roboto mono",monospace,arial,helvetica;--noto-color-emoji:"Noto Color Emoji",sans-serif;--uni-waze-boing-regular:"WazeBoingRegular";font-family:sans-serif;font-size:18px}body{word-wrap:break-word;background:#fff;color:#5f6368;cursor:auto;display:flex;flex-direction:column;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--roboto-font-family);font-size:1em;font-style:normal;font-weight:300;line-height:1.444;margin:0;min-height:100vh;overflow-x:hidden;padding:0}article,figcaption,figure,footer,header,main,nav,section{display:block}audio,video{display:inline-block;vertical-align:initial}audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}[hidden]{display:none}a{background:0 0;color:#1a73e8;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none}a:hover,main{outline:0}b{font-weight:700}small{font-size:80%}sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-.5em;vertical-align:initial}a img,img{border:0}svg:not(:root){overflow:hidden}figure{margin:1em 40px}hr{border:solid #dadce0;border-width:1px 0 0;box-sizing:initial;clear:both;height:0;margin-bottom:19px;margin-top:20px}button,input,select{color:inherit;font:inherit;margin:0}button{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer;overflow:visible}button,select{text-transform:none}button[disabled]{cursor:default}button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}input{-webkit-hyphens:none;hyphens:none;line-height:normal}input[type=radio]{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0}input[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:textfield;box-sizing:initial}input[type=search]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,input[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}fieldset{border:1px solid silver;margin:0 2px;padding:.35em .625em .75em}*,:after,:before{box-sizing:border-box}div,form,h1,h3,h4,li,p{margin:0;padding:0}h2,ol,ul{padding:0}body:after{content:"x-small";display:none}@media(min-width:600px){body:after{content:"small"}}@media(min-width:1024px){body:after{content:"medium"}}@media(min-width:1440px){body:after{content:"large"}}.h-c-copy,.rich-text,li,p{font-size:14px;letter-spacing:.25px;line-height:1.7142857143}p+p{margin-top:12px}@media(min-width:600px){.h-c-copy,.rich-text,p{font-size:14px;letter-spacing:.25px;line-height:1.7142857143}}@media(min-width:1024px){.h-c-copy,.rich-text,p{font-size:16px;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.625}p+p{margin-top:16px}}i{font-style:italic}a:visited{color:#7b1fa2}a:focus,a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none}a:focus{background:#f1f3f4;outline:4px solid rgba(32,33,36,.06)}a:active{outline:2px auto Highlight;outline:5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color}ol,ul{list-style-position:outside;margin:0 0 20px 20px}ul.h-no-bullet{list-style:none;margin-left:0}ul li ul{margin-bottom:0;margin-left:20px}@media(min-width:600px){li{font-size:14px;letter-spacing:.25px;line-height:1.7142857143}}@media(min-width:1024px){li{font-size:16px;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.625}}img{-ms-interpolation-mode:bicubic;display:inline-block;height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:middle}select{width:100%}.glue-flexbox .h-c-grid{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 -2.6515151515%}@media(min-width:600px){.glue-flexbox .h-c-grid{margin:0 -1.0379945163%}}.glue-flexbox .h-c-grid__col{flex:0 1 auto;margin:0 2.6515151515%;width:100%}@media(min-width:600px){.glue-flexbox .h-c-grid__col{margin:0 1.0379945163%}.glue-flexbox .h-c-grid__col--8{flex-basis:64.5906776342%;margin:0 1.0379945163%;width:64.5906776342%}.glue-flexbox .h-c-grid__col--10{flex-basis:81.2573443008%;margin:0 1.0379945163%;width:81.2573443008%}.glue-flexbox .h-c-grid__col--12{flex-basis:97.9240109675%;margin:0 1.0379945163%;width:97.9240109675%}}@media(min-width:1024px){.glue-flexbox .h-c-grid__col-l--3{flex-basis:22.9240109675%;margin:0 1.0379945163%;width:22.9240109675%}.glue-flexbox .h-c-grid__col-l--9{flex-basis:72.9240109675%;margin:0 1.0379945163%;width:72.9240109675%}}@media(min-width:600px){.glue-flexbox .h-c-grid__col--offset-1{margin-left:9.3713278496%;margin-right:1.0379945163%}}.h-c-grid__col--align-middle{-ms-align-self:center;align-self:center}h1,h2,h3,h4{-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;word-wrap:normal;color:#202124;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:32px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.25;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}@media(min-width:600px){h1{font-size:38px;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.1578947368}}@media(min-width:1024px){h1{font-size:56px;letter-spacing:-.5px;line-height:1.1785714286}}h2,h3,h4{font-size:24px;line-height:1.3333333333}@media(min-width:600px){h2{font-size:32px;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.25}}@media(min-width:1024px){h2{font-size:44px;letter-spacing:-.5px;line-height:1.1818181818}}h3,h4{font-size:20px;line-height:1.4}@media(min-width:600px){h3{font-size:24px;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.3333333333}}@media(min-width:1024px){h3{font-size:32px;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.25}}h4{font-size:16px;line-height:1.625}@media(min-width:600px){h4{font-size:16px;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.625}}@media(min-width:1024px){h4{font-size:22px;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.3636363636}}.article-module:after,.module--text:after{clear:both;content:"";display:block}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all svg{fill:currentColor;margin-left:8px;width:9px}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.uni-header__hamburguer-button{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);-webkit-touch-callout:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none}.uni-related-articles-cards__item::-moz-selection,.uni-related-articles-cards__link::-moz-selection{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);-webkit-touch-callout:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none}.uni-newsletter-toast__cta--sub:focus,.uni-related-articles-cards__item::selection,.uni-related-articles-cards__link::selection,.uni-related-articles-cards__link:active{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);-webkit-touch-callout:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none}.article-module{margin-bottom:30px!important}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-module{margin-bottom:36px!important}}.module--text{margin-bottom:12px!important}@media(min-width:1024px){.module--text{margin-bottom:16px!important}}.events-off{pointer-events:none}a:focus .focusable{outline:1px dotted #212121;outline:5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color}.rich-text>p{font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.uni-progressive-image--blur{filter:blur(4px)}.uni-progressive-image--no-blur{filter:blur(0);transition:all .3s cubic-bezier(.6,-.28,.74,.05)!important}h2{margin:0 0 20px}@media(min-width:1024px){h2{margin-bottom:40px}}figcaption,h1,h2,h3,h4{-webkit-hyphens:manual;hyphens:manual}.uni-header .h-c-header__jump-to-content:focus{font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-weight:500;line-height:24px}.article-meta__author-title,.uni-header .h-c-header__jump-to-content:focus,.uni-header__kebab-menu-item,.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label,.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all[title^="See all"],.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-link>a{font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family)}.uni-header__kebab-menu-item,.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all[title^="See all"],.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-link>a{font-size:.7777777778rem;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:.0138888889rem}.article-meta__author-title{font-size:.7777777778rem;letter-spacing:.0138888889rem}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label{font-size:.6666666667rem;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:.0555555556rem}.audio-player__content p,.audio-player__content span,.uni-header__site-title>a>div{font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family)}.uni-header__site-title>a>div{-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;color:#5f6368;font-size:.8888888889rem;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;line-height:1.4444444444rem;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}@media(min-width:600px){.uni-header__site-title>a>div{font-size:1.2222222222rem}}.audio-player__content p{font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--roboto-font-family);font-size:14px;font-weight:300;letter-spacing:.25px;line-height:24px}.audio-player__content span{color:#25272b;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;line-height:26px}@media(min-width:1024px){.audio-player__content span{font-size:18px}}.ui-carousel-slide__disclaimer p,.uni-small-text{font-weight:400}.breadcrumb__button,.featured-article-hero__collection-badge,.ui-carousel-slide__disclaimer p,.uni-eyebrow,.uni-small-text{font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-style:normal}.uni-button,.uni-cta-text,.uni-header__kebab-menu--mobile .uni-header__kebab-menu-item,.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__item,.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__item-label,.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name,.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-title{font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-style:normal;letter-spacing:normal}.uni-author-info,.uni-author-name{font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-style:normal}.ui-carousel-slide__description p,.ui-carousel-slide__read-more,.uni-body--small{font-weight:400}.ui-carousel-slide__description p,.ui-carousel-slide__headline,.ui-carousel-slide__read-more,.uni-body--small{font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-style:normal;letter-spacing:normal}.image-full-width__caption p,.uni-body,.uni-body--large,body p{font-weight:400}.image-full-width__caption p,.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player__content--title,.uni-body,.uni-body--large,.uni-headline-1,.uni-headline-4,.uni-pull-quote__text,.uni-title-1,.uni-title-2,body p{font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-style:normal;letter-spacing:normal}.uni-headline-1,.uni-headline-4,.uni-pull-quote__text{font-weight:400}.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player__content--title,.uni-author-name,.uni-eyebrow,.uni-headline-1,.uni-headline-4,.uni-pull-quote__text,.uni-title-1,.uni-title-2{color:#202124}.uni-headline-1,.uni-pull-quote__text{font-size:24px;line-height:32px}@media(min-width:600px){.uni-headline-1,.uni-pull-quote__text{font-size:32px;line-height:40px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-headline-1,.uni-pull-quote__text{font-size:36px;line-height:44px}}.uni-headline-4{font-size:20px;line-height:28px}@media(min-width:600px){.uni-headline-4{font-size:22px;line-height:30px}}.uni-title-1{font-size:16px;line-height:28px}@media(min-width:600px){.uni-title-1{font-size:20px;line-height:28px}}.uni-title-1{font-weight:400}.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player__content--title,.uni-title-2{font-size:14px;font-weight:500;line-height:24px}@media(min-width:600px){.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player__content--title,.uni-title-2{font-size:16px;line-height:28px}}.uni-body,body p{font-size:16px;line-height:28px}.uni-body--large{font-size:18px;line-height:30px}.image-full-width__caption p,.ui-carousel-slide__description p,.ui-carousel-slide__headline,.ui-carousel-slide__read-more,.uni-body--small{font-size:14px;line-height:24px}.uni-author-info,.uni-author-name{font-size:14px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.25px;line-height:20px}.uni-author-info{font-weight:500}.uni-button,.uni-cta-text,.uni-header__kebab-menu--mobile .uni-header__kebab-menu-item,.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__item,.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__item-label,.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name,.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-title{font-size:16px;font-weight:500;line-height:24px}.breadcrumb__button,.featured-article-hero__collection-badge,.uni-eyebrow{font-size:14px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:.25px;line-height:48px;max-width:100%;min-width:48px;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;text-transform:uppercase;white-space:nowrap}a.breadcrumb__button:not(.breadcrumb__button),a.breadcrumb__button:not(.breadcrumb__button):visited,a.featured-article-hero__collection-badge:not(.breadcrumb__button),a.featured-article-hero__collection-badge:not(.breadcrumb__button):visited{color:#1a73e8}a.breadcrumb__button:not(.breadcrumb__button):hover,a.featured-article-hero__collection-badge:not(.breadcrumb__button):hover{color:#174ea6}a.breadcrumb__button:not(.breadcrumb__button).focus-visible,a.breadcrumb__button:not(.breadcrumb__button):active,a.breadcrumb__button:not(.breadcrumb__button):focus,a.featured-article-hero__collection-badge:not(.breadcrumb__button).focus-visible,a.featured-article-hero__collection-badge:not(.breadcrumb__button):active,a.featured-article-hero__collection-badge:not(.breadcrumb__button):focus{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:4px}a.breadcrumb__button:not(.breadcrumb__button)[aria-disabled=true],a.featured-article-hero__collection-badge:not(.breadcrumb__button)[aria-disabled=true]{color:#202124;pointer-events:none}a.breadcrumb__button:not(.breadcrumb__button).uni-eyebrow--contrast,a.breadcrumb__button:not(.breadcrumb__button).uni-eyebrow--contrast:visited,a.featured-article-hero__collection-badge:not(.breadcrumb__button).uni-eyebrow--contrast,a.featured-article-hero__collection-badge:not(.breadcrumb__button).uni-eyebrow--contrast:visited{color:#1967d2}a.breadcrumb__button:not(.breadcrumb__button).uni-eyebrow--contrast:hover,a.featured-article-hero__collection-badge:not(.breadcrumb__button).uni-eyebrow--contrast:hover{color:#174ea6}.ui-carousel-slide__disclaimer p,.uni-small-text{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:.25px;line-height:18px}.uni-emoji{font-family:Noto Color Emoji,sans-serif;font-family:var(--noto-color-emoji);font-style:normal;font-weight:400}[data-loading]{filter:blur(6px);transition:all .4s ease-in}.lazy-image--no-blur{filter:none!important}.site-content{flex:1 0 0}a:hover{cursor:pointer}a:focus,a:hover,a:visited{color:#174ea6}a:focus{background:0 0;border-radius:2px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}[slot]{display:none}.uni-header__logo-google,.uni-navigation--desktop,.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu,.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__item,.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__item-label,.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-navigation__brand-mobile .uni-navigation__logo-google{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-flow:row nowrap;justify-content:center}.uni-header{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-flow:row nowrap}.uni-header__hamburguer-wrapper,.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-title,.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-navigation__brand-mobile{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-flow:row nowrap;justify-content:left}.uni-header__kebab-menu--mobile .uni-header__kebab-menu-item a,.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__item-label,.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-flow:row nowrap;justify-content:space-between}.uni-article-progress-bar{align-items:center}.article-video-special,.featured-article-hero-large-title,.featured-article-hero__container,.featured-article-hero__grid,.uni-footnotes--align-center,.uni-related-articles-cards .uni-related-articles-grid-title{box-sizing:initial;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding:0 16px;width:auto}.article-meta__author-container,.article-meta__container{box-sizing:initial;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;width:auto}.article-meta__author-container{padding:0 16px}.article-hero,.article-image-hero{width:auto}.article-container,.article-hero,.article-hero-mp4,.article-image-hero{box-sizing:initial;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.article-container{padding:0 16px;width:auto}@media(min-width:600px){.article-container,.article-hero,.article-hero-mp4,.article-image-hero,.article-meta__author-container,.article-meta__container,.article-video-special,.featured-article-hero-large-title,.featured-article-hero__container,.featured-article-hero__grid,.uni-footnotes--align-center,.uni-related-articles-cards .uni-related-articles-grid-title{max-width:1260px;padding:0 32px}}@media(min-width:1440px){.article-container,.article-hero,.article-hero-mp4,.article-image-hero,.article-meta__author-container,.article-meta__container,.article-video-special,.featured-article-hero-large-title,.featured-article-hero__container,.featured-article-hero__grid,.uni-footnotes--align-center,.uni-related-articles-cards .uni-related-articles-grid-title{padding:0}}.uni-related-articles-cards{padding-top:24px}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards{padding-top:36px}}.uni-footnotes{margin-bottom:36px}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-footnotes{margin-bottom:48px}}.uni-window-popup__content{padding:48px 24px 24px}.uni-component-spacing{margin-block-end:60px}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-component-spacing{margin-block-end:80px}}.h-c-header__hamburger-img{height:24px;margin:0 auto;width:24px}.h-c-header__hamburger-img.h-c-header__hamburger-img--standard{fill:#5f6368;display:block}.h-c-header__jump-to-content{clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);background:#f1f3f4;border-radius:2px;display:none;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:14px;height:1px;left:100%;letter-spacing:.25px;margin-left:48px;overflow:hidden;padding:10px;position:absolute;top:9px;white-space:nowrap;width:1px;z-index:103}.h-c-header__jump-to-content:focus{clip:auto;color:#174ea6;height:auto;outline:0;overflow:visible;width:auto}@media(min-width:900px){.h-c-header__jump-to-content{display:table}}.h-c-header__jump-to-content-text{display:table-cell}.h-c-page{box-sizing:initial;margin:0 auto;max-width:568px;padding:0 16px;width:auto}@media(min-width:600px){.h-c-page{max-width:1280px;padding:0 32px}}.h-c-icon{fill:currentColor;display:inline-block}.h-c-icon--24px{height:24px;width:24px}.h-c-icon--footer{color:#202124;margin:0 5px 0 0;vertical-align:middle}.h-c-icon--social{fill:#202124;padding:2px;vertical-align:top}.h-c-icon--color-text{fill:#202124}.h-c-social{max-width:100%}@media(min-width:600px){.h-c-social{display:flex;flex:1 0 auto;flex-wrap:wrap}}.h-c-footer .h-c-social{margin:0 0 30px}.h-c-social__group{display:flex;flex:0 0 100%;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0}@media(min-width:600px){.h-c-social__group{flex-wrap:nowrap;padding-right:50px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.h-c-social__group{flex:0 0 auto}}.h-c-social__title{color:#202124;flex:0 0 100%;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:14px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:.75px}@media(min-width:1024px){.h-c-social__title{font-size:16px;letter-spacing:.5px}}.h-c-social__title.h-c-social__title--inline{flex:0 0 auto;line-height:1.7142857143;margin-right:32px}@media(min-width:1024px){.h-c-social__title.h-c-social__title--inline{line-height:1.5}}.h-c-social__list{display:flex;flex:0 0 auto;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0;max-width:100%}.h-c-social__list:after{clear:both;content:" ";display:block;font-size:0;height:0;visibility:hidden}@media(min-width:600px){.h-c-social__list{flex-wrap:nowrap}}.h-c-social__item{flex:0 0 auto;float:left;height:24px;margin-left:0;margin-right:32px;width:24px}.h-c-social__item:last-child{margin-right:0}.h-c-social__item .h-c-social__link{border-radius:50%;display:block;height:24px;padding:0;width:24px}.h-c-social__item .h-c-social__link:focus{background:#f1f3f4;box-shadow:0 0 0 10px #f1f3f4;outline:0}.h-c-footer .h-c-social__item .h-c-social__link:focus{background:#e8eaed;box-shadow:0 0 0 10px #e8eaed}.h-c-footer{background:#f8f9fa;margin:0}.h-c-footer.h-c-footer--topmargin{margin-top:40px}.h-c-footer__link{color:#5f6368;display:inline-block;font-size:14px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:.25px;line-height:1.5714285714}.h-c-footer__link:visited{color:#5f6368}.h-c-footer__link:focus,.h-c-footer__link:hover,.uni-picker:focus>.uni-picker-order-menu{color:#202124}.h-c-footer__link:focus,.h-c-footer__logo a:focus{background:#e8eaed;outline:10px solid #e8eaed}.h-c-footer__global{margin:0 auto;padding:40px 16px 20px}@media(min-width:600px){.h-c-footer__global{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;max-width:1344px;padding:40px 32px 20px}.h-c-footer__global:after{clear:both;content:" ";display:block;font-size:0;height:0;visibility:hidden}}.h-c-footer__logo{height:28px;margin:0 0 30px;width:86px}@media(min-width:600px){.h-c-footer__logo{flex:0 0 90%;margin-right:55px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.h-c-footer__logo{flex:0 0 86px}}.h-c-footer__logo a{display:inline-block;height:28px}.h-c-footer__logo-img{fill:#5f6368;height:28px;width:86px}.h-c-footer__global-links{margin:0 0 15px}.h-c-footer__global-links:after{clear:both;content:" ";display:block;font-size:0;height:0;visibility:hidden}@media(min-width:600px){.h-c-footer__global-links{display:flex;flex:2 0 auto;flex-wrap:wrap;max-width:100%}.h-c-footer__global-links--extra{flex:0 0 auto}}.h-c-footer__global-links-list-item{float:left;padding:0 30px 15px 0}.h-c-footer__global-links-list-item--extra:last-child{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.h-c-footer__upper{margin:0 auto;padding:30px 16px 0}@media(min-width:600px){.h-c-footer__upper{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;max-width:1344px;padding:30px 32px 0}.h-c-footer__upper:after{clear:both;content:" ";display:block;font-size:0;height:0;visibility:hidden}}.h-c-video{font-size:19px;position:relative}.h-c-video:focus{outline:0}.h-c-video:focus:after{background-color:transparent;border:4px solid #174ea6;content:"";display:block;height:100%;left:0;position:absolute;top:0;width:100%;z-index:5}.h-c-video.h-c-video--marquee{cursor:pointer;display:block}.h-c-video img{width:100%;z-index:10}.kw-button{border:0;border-radius:4px;cursor:pointer;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:16px}.kw-button--high-emphasis,a:visited.kw-button--high-emphasis{background-color:#1a73e8;color:#fff;display:block;padding:13px 24px 11px;text-align:center}.kw-button--high-emphasis:hover,a:visited.kw-button--high-emphasis:hover{background-color:#185abc;color:#fff}@media(forced-colors:active){.kw-button--high-emphasis:hover,a:visited.kw-button--high-emphasis:hover{border:2px solid #1a73e8}}@media(prefers-contrast:forced){.kw-button--high-emphasis:hover,a:visited.kw-button--high-emphasis:hover{border:2px solid #1a73e8}}.kw-button--high-emphasis:focus,a:visited.kw-button--high-emphasis:focus{background:0 0;background-color:#185abc;border-radius:4px;color:#fff;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-color:#aecbfa;outline-offset:0}.kw-button--high-emphasis:active,a:visited.kw-button--high-emphasis:active{background-color:#185abc}a:hover .cta{color:#4285f4}a:hover .cta .icon{fill:currentColor;transform:translateX(5px)}a:hover .cta .icon--down{transform:translateX(0)}.uni-button{align-items:center;border:1px solid transparent;border-radius:48px;display:inline-flex;gap:8px;justify-content:center;max-width:380px;min-height:48px;padding-bottom:11px;padding-inline-end:24px;padding-inline-start:24px;padding-top:11px;text-align:center;transition:background-color .2s,box-shadow .2s,color .2s;vertical-align:middle}.uni-button:focus{border-radius:48px;outline:2px solid #1a73e8}.uni-button svg{flex-shrink:0;height:18px;width:18px}.uni-button--high-emphasis{background-color:#1a73e8;color:#fff}.uni-button--high-emphasis:visited{color:#fff}.uni-button--high-emphasis:hover{background-color:#174ea6;box-shadow:0 1px 4px 0 rgba(60,64,67,.25),0 1px 2px 0 rgba(60,64,67,.3);color:#fff}.uni-button--high-emphasis:focus{background-color:#174ea6;border-color:#fff;color:#fff;outline-color:#174ea6}.uni-button--high-emphasis:active{background-color:#174ea6;border-color:transparent;box-shadow:0 1px 4px 0 rgba(60,64,67,.25),0 1px 2px 0 rgba(60,64,67,.3);color:#fff;outline:0}.uni-button--medium-emphasis{background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #5f6368;color:#1a73e8}.uni-button--medium-emphasis svg{fill:#1a73e8}.uni-button--medium-emphasis:visited{color:#1a73e8}.uni-button--medium-emphasis:focus svg,.uni-button--medium-emphasis:hover svg{fill:#174ea6}.uni-button--medium-emphasis:hover{background-color:#f6f9fe;border-color:#1a73e8;color:#174ea6}.uni-button--medium-emphasis:focus{background-color:#e8f0fe;border-color:transparent;color:#174ea6}.uni-button--medium-emphasis:active{background-color:#e8f0fe;border-color:#174ea6;color:#174ea6;outline:0}.uni-button--icon-right{padding-inline-end:12px}.uni-picker{border-bottom:1px solid #dadce0;display:flex;margin-bottom:24px;position:relative}.uni-picker:focus:not(:focus-visible){outline:0}.uni-picker:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:4px}.uni-picker__order-menu{-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;background-color:transparent;background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyNCIgZmlsbD0iIzU0NTQ1NCI+PHBhdGggZD0ibTcgMTAgNSA1IDUtNXoiLz48L3N2Zz4=);background-position:100%;background-repeat:no-repeat;border:0;color:#5f6368;cursor:pointer;font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-weight:500;height:48px;letter-spacing:.25px;line-height:22px;min-width:220px;padding-inline-end:24px;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content}.uni-picker__order-menu:hover{color:#202124}.uni-picker__item{color:#5f6368}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles{align-content:flex-start;display:grid;grid-column:1/-1;list-style:none;margin-inline:0;opacity:1;transition:opacity allow-discrete 1s}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.is-loading{display:none;opacity:0}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles{margin-inline:0;margin-top:36px}}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles{grid-column-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}@media(min-width:600px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles{grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles{grid-column-gap:24px;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles .article,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles .article,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles .article{grid-column:1/-1;position:relative}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles .article .no-image .article__link,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles .article .no-image .article__link,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles .article .no-image .article__link{grid-column:1/-1}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles .article .no-image .article__cta,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles .article .no-image .article__cta,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles .article .no-image .article__cta{display:none}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles .article.article--secondary,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles .article.article--secondary,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles .article.article--secondary{padding-top:16px}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles .article.article--secondary,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles .article.article--secondary,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles .article.article--secondary{padding-top:0}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles .article.article--secondary,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles .article.article--secondary,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles .article.article--secondary{padding-top:16px}}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles .article.article--secondary:before,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles .article.article--secondary:before,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles .article.article--secondary:before{background-color:#e8eaed;content:"";height:1px;position:absolute;top:0;width:100%}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles .article__summary,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles .article__summary,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles .article__summary{color:#5f6368;flex:1 1 auto;margin-top:8px}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles{grid-column:1/-1}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles .article--main,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles .article--main,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles .article--main{grid-column:1/7;grid-row:1/3}}@media(min-width:768px)and (min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles .article--main,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles .article--main,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles .article--main{grid-column:1/-1}}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles .article--secondary,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles .article--secondary,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles .article--secondary{grid-column:7/13}}@media(min-width:768px)and (min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles .article--secondary,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles .article--secondary,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles .article--secondary{grid-column:1/-1}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles{grid-column:10/14;grid-row:1/4}}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles .article{grid-column:span 6}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles .article:first-child{grid-row:1/2}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.two-articles .article:nth-child(2){grid-row:2/3}}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles .article:nth-child(2):before{content:none}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.three-articles .article:nth-child(2):before{content:""}}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles .article{grid-column:span 6}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles .article:first-child:before,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles .article:nth-child(2):before{content:none}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles .article:first-child:before,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.four-articles .article:nth-child(2):before{content:""}}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--main .article__container,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__container{background-color:#fff;display:block;padding-bottom:24px}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--main .article__container:hover .article__image-img,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__container:hover .article__image-img{transform:scale(1.03)}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--main .article__container:hover .article__title,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__container:hover .article__title{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--main .article__container:hover .icon,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__container:hover .icon{fill:#1a73e8;transform:translateX(4px)}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--main .article__image,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__image{aspect-ratio:16/9;border-radius:8px;display:block;margin-bottom:16px;overflow:hidden}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--main .article__image img,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__image img{height:100%;object-fit:cover;transition:transform .2s;width:100%}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--main .article__eyebrow,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__eyebrow{height:48px;margin-bottom:8px}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--main .article__eyebrow-link,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__eyebrow-link{display:inline-block}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__container{grid-column-gap:16px;grid-row-gap:8px;-moz-column-gap:16px;column-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));row-gap:8px}@media(min-width:600px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__container{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__container{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__container:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:16px}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__container{grid-template-columns:1fr minmax(50px,160px)}}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__eyebrow{grid-column:1/-1;grid-row:1/2}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__link{grid-column:1/3;grid-row:2/3}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__link{grid-column:1/2}}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__image{grid-column:3/-1;grid-row:2/3}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article--secondary .article__image{grid-column:2/3}}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article__link{display:block;min-height:48px}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article__link:focus,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article__link:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:4px}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles .article__link .article__title{margin-block:0}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special{grid-column-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));margin-top:24px}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special{margin-top:60px;margin-inline:0}}@media(min-width:1024px)and (min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special{margin-top:80px}}@media(min-width:600px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special{grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special{grid-column-gap:24px;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article{grid-column:1/-1}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:24px}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:0}}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article{padding-top:16px}}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article.article--secondary{padding-top:0}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article.article--secondary:before{content:none}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article__container{grid-column-gap:16px;grid-row-gap:8px;border:1px solid #dadce0;border-radius:8px;-moz-column-gap:16px;column-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(50px,128px);height:100%;padding-top:8px;padding-inline:16px;row-gap:8px;transition:box-shadow .3s}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article__container{-moz-column-gap:24px;column-gap:24px}}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article__container.no-image .article__link{display:flex;flex-direction:column;grid-column:1/-1;justify-content:space-between}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article__container.no-image .article__cta{display:none}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article__container.no-image .article__title{margin-bottom:0}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article__container.no-image.no-image{padding-bottom:36px}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article__container.no-image .article__cta{align-items:center;align-self:flex-end;color:#202124;display:flex;height:24px;justify-content:center;width:24px}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article__container.no-image .article__cta svg{height:16px;transition:transform .2s;width:16px}}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article__container:hover{box-shadow:0 6px 10px 4px rgba(60,64,67,.15),0 2px 3px 0 rgba(60,64,67,.3)}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article__eyebrow{grid-column:1/-1;grid-row:1/2;margin:0}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article__image{grid-column:2/3;grid-row:2/3}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article__link{grid-column:1/2}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special .article__link .article__title{margin-bottom:36px}}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special.two-articles .article{grid-row:auto}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special.four-articles .article,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special.three-articles .article{height:100%;padding:0}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special.four-articles .article__container,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special.three-articles .article__container{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);grid-template-rows:auto 1fr;height:100%;padding-bottom:0;padding-top:24px;padding-inline:0;row-gap:0}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special.four-articles .article__image,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special.three-articles .article__image{border-radius:0 0 8px 8px;grid-column:1/-1;grid-row:3/4;margin-bottom:0}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special.four-articles .article__eyebrow,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special.three-articles .article__eyebrow{margin-bottom:8px;padding-inline:36px}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special.four-articles .article__link,.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special.three-articles .article__link{grid-row:2/3;padding-inline:36px}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special.four-articles .article{grid-column:span 3;grid-row:1}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special.three-articles .article{grid-column:span 4;grid-row:1}.featured-article-hero__additional-articles.special.two-articles .article{grid-column:span 6;grid-row:1}}.article-summary__content{grid-column:7/11;text-align:right}@media(min-width:1440px){.article-summary__content{grid-column:8/11}.article-summary__btn-container{position:relative}}.article-summary--btn{background-color:#e8f0fe;border:0;border-radius:100px;color:#185abc;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-weight:500;height:48px;line-height:24px;margin-right:10px;padding:0 24px 4px;position:relative;text-align:center;width:286px}@media(forced-colors:active){.article-summary--btn{outline:1px solid}}@media(prefers-contrast:forced){.article-summary--btn{outline:1px solid}}@media(min-width:600px){.article-summary--btn{width:288px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-summary--btn{font-size:16px;margin-right:0;width:313px}}.article-summary--btn:hover{background-color:#d2e3fc}.article-summary--btn .h-c-icon{height:24px;position:relative;width:24px}.article-summary--btn .h-c-icon__generate-summary{top:6px}.article-summary--btn .h-c-icon__chevron-down{height:12px;left:4px;top:2px;width:18px}.article-summary-modal{align-items:flex-start;background:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #f1f3f4;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 5px 10px 0 rgba(88,88,88,.1);display:none;flex-direction:column;gap:16px;margin:16px 16px 0 0;min-width:329px;padding:26px 22px 30px;position:absolute;text-align:left;z-index:4}@media(min-width:600px){.article-summary-modal{padding:40px 30px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-summary-modal{border-radius:8px;left:40%;margin:30px 50px 0 0;padding:40px}}@media(min-width:1440px){.article-summary-modal{left:-260px;margin:30px 0 0;width:810px}}.article-summary-modal__icon{background:0 0;border:0;color:inherit;cursor:pointer;font:inherit;outline:inherit;padding:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:0}.article-summary-modal__icon:focus{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;height:44px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.article-summary-modal .h-c-icon__close{stroke:#5f6368;height:44px;width:44px}@media(forced-colors:active){.article-summary-modal .h-c-icon__close{stroke:#fff}}@media(prefers-contrast:forced){.article-summary-modal .h-c-icon__close{stroke:#fff}}.article-summary-modal .h-c-icon__close:hover{stroke:#3c4043}.article-summary-modal__summary{display:none;font-style:normal;font-weight:400}.article-summary-modal__summary.active{display:block}.article-summary-modal__title{font-feature-settings:"clig" off,"liga" off;color:#202124;font-size:24px;line-height:32px;margin-bottom:20px}@media(min-width:600px){.article-summary-modal__title{font-size:32px;line-height:40px}}.article-summary-modal__copy{color:#3c4043;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:14px;line-height:22px;margin-bottom:20px}.article-summary-modal__legal{color:#5f6368;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--roboto-font-family);font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.25px;line-height:14px}@media(min-width:600px){.article-summary-modal__legal{line-height:16px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-summary-modal__legal{line-height:20px}}.article-summary-modal__explore-title{font-feature-settings:"clig" off,"liga" off;color:#3c4043;font-size:16px;line-height:24px;margin-bottom:16px}.article-summary-modal__chips{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:20px 10px;list-style:none;margin:0}.article-summary-modal__chip{font-feature-settings:"clig" off,"liga" off;align-items:center;background:#e8f0fe;border-radius:20px;color:#174ea6;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:12px;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;justify-content:center;letter-spacing:.158px;line-height:15.208px;padding:6px 16px}@media(forced-colors:active){.article-summary-modal__chip{outline:1px solid}}@media(prefers-contrast:forced){.article-summary-modal__chip{outline:1px solid}}.article-summary-modal__chip:hover{background:#d2e3fc}.article-summary-modal__chip.active{background:#1a73e8;color:#fff}@media(forced-colors:active){.article-summary-modal__chip.active{background:#fff;color:#000;forced-color-adjust:none}}@media(prefers-contrast:forced){.article-summary-modal__chip.active{background:#fff;color:#000;forced-color-adjust:none}}.article-summary-modal__chip--btn{background:0 0;border:0;color:inherit;cursor:pointer;font:inherit;height:44px;outline:inherit;padding:0}.article-summary-modal__chip--btn:focus .article-summary-modal__chip{background:0 0;border-radius:20px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.article-summary-modal__chip--btn:focus .article-summary-modal__chip.active{background:#1a73e8}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-share__wrapper--override{grid-column:11/12!important}.article-meta__content--override{grid-column:2/7!important;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)!important}}@media(min-width:1440px){.article-meta__content--override{grid-column:2/8!important}}.uni-social-share--desktop--override{margin-top:12px}.article-carousel{margin-inline:auto;max-width:800px;position:relative}.article-carousel__slider{cursor:grab;height:470px;margin:0;overflow:hidden;position:relative;transition:left .2s ease-out;width:100%;z-index:1}.article-carousel__arrow{align-items:center;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;background:0 0;border:0;border-radius:50%;cursor:pointer;display:none;font-size:18px;height:65px;justify-content:center;outline:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:calc(50% - 45px);transform:translateY(-50%);width:65px;z-index:1}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-carousel__arrow{display:flex}}.article-carousel__arrow--next{right:-100px}.article-carousel__arrow--previous{left:-100px}.article-carousel__arrow--previous svg{transform:rotate(180deg)}.article-carousel__arrow:focus{background:0 0;border-radius:50%;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.article-carousel__arrow:hover{box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(54,64,67,.3),0 4px 8px 3px rgba(54,64,67,.3)}.article-carousel__arrow:before{background:#fff;border-radius:50%;box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(54,64,67,.3),0 1px 3px 1px rgba(54,64,67,.3);content:"";display:block;height:65px;left:50%;opacity:.6;position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);width:65px;z-index:-1}.article-carousel__arrow svg{stroke:#414141;stroke-width:1px;height:36px;margin:0 auto;position:relative;width:36px}.article-carousel__image-wrapper{aspect-ratio:16/9;display:block;margin:0;min-height:auto;position:relative;width:100%}.article-carousel__caption{color:#5f6368;margin-top:8px;text-align:center}.article-carousel__navigation{align-items:center;display:flex;justify-content:center;list-style:none;margin-top:36px;margin-inline:auto;position:relative;z-index:1}.article-carousel__navigation-button{background:0 0;border:0;border-radius:50%;cursor:pointer;display:block;font:inherit;height:18px;outline:0;padding:22px;position:relative;text-indent:-9999px;transition:all .2s ease-in-out;width:18px}.article-carousel__navigation-button:focus{background:#f1f3f4;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.article-carousel__navigation-button:hover{box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(54,64,67,.3),0 4px 8px 3px rgba(54,64,67,.3)}.article-carousel__navigation-button:before{border:2px solid #202124;border-radius:50%;content:"";display:block;height:10px;left:50%;position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translate3d(-50%,-50%,0);width:10px}.article-carousel__navigation-button--active:before{background:#202124}.article-carousel__slide{list-style:none;max-width:800px;opacity:0;position:absolute;transition:all .2s ease-out;width:100%}.article-carousel__slide--active{opacity:1}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-carousel__slide{opacity:1}}.article-carousel__slide figure{margin:0 auto}.article-carousel__slide figure .article-carousel__img{height:100%;object-fit:contain;width:100%}.article-container__wrapper{grid-column-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}@media(min-width:600px){.article-container__wrapper{grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-container__wrapper{grid-column-gap:24px;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr));grid-template-rows:auto 1fr}}.article-container__content{grid-column:1/-1;margin-top:36px}@media(min-width:768px){.article-container__content{grid-column:3/span 8}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-container__content{padding:0}.article-container__content.article-container__content--align-end{grid-column:5/span 7;grid-row:1/3}}.article-container .article-module:not(.article-image--full-aspect),.article-paragraph{margin:0 auto;max-width:726px;position:relative}.article-cta-and-jumplinks__wrapper{grid-column:1/-1;margin-inline-start:-16px;width:clamp(140px,-1.72rem + 16.7vw,190px);z-index:3}@media(min-width:600px){.article-cta-and-jumplinks__wrapper{margin-inline-start:-32px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-cta-and-jumplinks__wrapper{grid-column:2/4;grid-row:1/2;margin-inline-start:0;margin-top:36px}}.article-hero-mp4{padding:0;width:100%}.article-hero-mp4__container{grid-column-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}@media(min-width:600px){.article-hero-mp4__container{grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-hero-mp4__container{grid-column-gap:24px;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}.article-hero-mp4__cols{grid-column:1/-1}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-hero-mp4__cols{grid-column:2/span 10}}.article-hero-mp4__video{display:block;height:100%;left:0;object-fit:cover;position:absolute;top:0;width:100%}.article-hero{padding:25px 16px 36px}@media(min-width:600px){.article-hero{padding:25px 32px 36px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-hero{padding:37px 32px 48px}}.article-hero__container{grid-column-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}@media(min-width:600px){.article-hero__container{grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-hero__container{grid-column-gap:24px;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}.article-hero__h1{font-size:36px;font-weight:400;grid-column:1/-1;letter-spacing:-.25px;line-height:40px;margin:initial}@media(min-width:600px){.article-hero__h1{font-size:48px;letter-spacing:-.5px;line-height:56px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-hero__h1{font-size:60px;letter-spacing:-.5px;line-height:72px}}@media(min-width:768px){.article-hero__h1{grid-column:2/span 10}}.article-hero__breadcrumb{grid-column:1/-1;margin-bottom:16px}@media(min-width:768px){.article-hero__breadcrumb{grid-column:2/span 10}}.article-image--full-aspect{margin:0}.article-image-hero{padding:0}.article-image-hero__container{grid-column-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}@media(min-width:600px){.article-image-hero__container{grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-image-hero__container{grid-column-gap:24px;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}.article-image-hero .article-image--full-aspect{grid-column:1/-1;margin-bottom:0!important}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-image-hero .article-image--full-aspect{grid-column:2/span 10}}.article-jumplink{height:1px}.article-jumplinks{background-color:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid #dadce0;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);grid-column:1/-1;max-height:100vh;position:relative;width:100vw}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-jumplinks{border:0;margin-bottom:60px;width:auto}}.article-jumplinks__list{display:none;list-style:none;margin:24px 0;padding:0 16px;position:relative}@media(min-width:768px){.article-jumplinks__list{padding:0 32px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-jumplinks__list{display:block;margin:0;padding:0}}.article-jumplinks__list-wrapper{position:relative}.article-jumplinks__list-wrapper:before{background-color:#dadce0;content:"";height:calc(100% - 16px);inset-inline-start:16px;position:absolute;top:8px;width:2px}@media(min-width:768px){.article-jumplinks__list-wrapper:before{inset-inline-start:32px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-jumplinks__list-wrapper:before{inset-inline-start:0}}.article-jumplinks__item{padding-inline-start:16px;position:relative}.article-jumplinks__link{color:#5f6368;display:block;font-size:16px;line-height:24px;padding:8px 4px;position:relative}.article-jumplinks__link:visited{color:#5f6368;font-weight:400}.article-jumplinks__link:active{outline:0}.article-jumplinks__link:hover,.article-share__link-text:hover .article-share__title,.author-active:hover .article-meta__author-name{color:#1a73e8}.article-jumplinks__link:focus{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;color:#174ea6;inset-inline-start:-4px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:-4px;padding:8px;position:relative}.article-jumplinks__link:focus:before{inset-inline-start:-12px}.article-jumplinks__description{background-color:#fff;border:0;color:#202124;font-size:18px;font-weight:700;line-height:28px;padding:10px 16px;text-align:start;width:100%}@media(min-width:768px){.article-jumplinks__description{padding:10px 32px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-jumplinks__description{margin-bottom:24px;padding:0}}.article-jumplinks__description--mobile{align-items:center;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;overflow:hidden}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-jumplinks__description--mobile{display:none}}.article-jumplinks__description--desktop{display:none}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-jumplinks__description--desktop{display:block}}.article-jumplinks__dropdown{height:24px;width:24px}.article-jumplinks__dropdown-icon{display:block;height:100%;margin:0;transition:transform .35s cubic-bezier(.24,1,.32,1);width:100%}.article-jumplinks__dropdown-icon svg{fill:#1a73e8;height:100%;width:100%}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-jumplinks__dropdown-icon{display:none}}.article-jumplinks__dropdown-separator{display:none;margin:0}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-jumplinks__dropdown-separator{display:none}}.article-jumplinks__dropdown-overlay{display:none}.article-meta__author-wrapper{grid-column-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}@media(min-width:600px){.article-meta__author-wrapper{grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-meta__author-wrapper{grid-column-gap:24px;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}.article-meta__container{grid-column-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));padding:0}@media(min-width:600px){.article-meta__container{grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-meta__container{grid-column-gap:24px;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}.article-meta__container .article-share__wrapper{grid-column:11/12;padding-right:10px;text-align:end}@media (min-width:1024px){.article-meta__container .article-share__wrapper{grid-column:10/12;padding-right:0}}.article-meta__author{align-items:flex-start;display:flex;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family)}.article-meta__author:only-child{grid-column:1/4}.article-meta__author:focus{background:0 0;outline:0}.article-meta__author-noimage{border:1px solid #e8eaed;border-radius:50%;color:#fff;font-size:24px;height:40px;line-height:40px;margin-right:16px;max-width:40px;text-align:center;width:100%}.article-meta__content{grid-gap:36px 60px;background-color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.6);display:grid;font-size:14px;grid-column:1/12;grid-template-columns:1fr;margin-bottom:36px}@media (min-width:600px){.article-meta__content{grid-column:2/12;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}}@media (min-width:1024px){.article-meta__content{grid-column:2/10;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}}@media (min-width:1441px){.article-meta__content{margin-right:48px}}.article-meta__abstract{align-items:flex-start;display:flex;flex-direction:column;grid-column:1/12;margin-block-end:36px}@media(min-width:768px){.article-meta__abstract{grid-column-start:2}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-meta__abstract{align-items:start;flex-direction:row}}.article-meta__abstract-aside{display:flex;width:100%}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-meta__abstract-aside{flex-shrink:0;height:100%;width:-moz-max-content;width:max-content}}.article-meta__abstract-aside--no-abstract .article-meta__published-wrapper{border-inline-end-color:transparent;flex-direction:row}.article-meta__abstract-aside--no-abstract .article-meta__separator,.featured-article-hero__wrapper.hero .featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero--card__author-frame .author__info .name{display:inline-block}.article-meta__abstract-text{margin-block-start:36px}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-meta__abstract-text{flex-grow:1;margin-block-start:0}}.article-meta__author-photo{border:1px solid #e8eaed;border-radius:50%;height:40px;margin:0 16px 0 0;min-width:40px;overflow:hidden}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-meta__author-photo{display:block}}.article-meta__author-photo img{height:40px;object-fit:cover;position:relative;width:40px}.article-meta__author-name{color:#202124;font-weight:700;line-height:22px}.article-meta__author-title{color:#5f6368;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-weight:500}.article-meta__published-wrapper{align-items:center;display:flex;flex:1;flex-direction:row}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-meta__published-wrapper{align-items:flex-start;border-inline-end:1px solid #dadce0;flex-direction:column;margin-inline-end:24px;padding-inline-end:24px}}.article-meta__separator{margin-inline:8px}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-meta__separator{display:none}}.author-active .article-meta__author-name{color:#174ea6}.author-active:focus{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:8px}.uni-blog-article-no-hero__line{margin:0 0 10px}.uni-blog-article-no-hero__line:last-child{margin-bottom:36px}@media (min-width:0){.uni-blog-article-no-hero__line:last-child{margin-bottom:48px}}@media(min-width:1440px){.uni-blog-article-no-hero__line:last-child{margin-bottom:80px}}.uni-article-progress-bar{background:#fff;display:flex;flex-flow:row;flex-grow:1;flex-wrap:wrap;height:64px;justify-content:flex-end;left:0;opacity:1;padding-right:15px;position:static;top:0;transition:all .15s ease-out;z-index:8}@media (min-width:1024px){.uni-article-progress-bar{align-self:center;height:64px;justify-content:space-between}}.uni-article-progress-bar__title{color:#5f6368;display:none;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:14px;font-weight:400;line-height:16px;position:relative}@media (min-width:600px){.uni-article-progress-bar__title{max-width:700px}}@media (min-width:1024px){.uni-article-progress-bar__title{display:inline-block;margin-left:60px}}.uni-article-progress-bar__ellipsis{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}.uni-article-progress-bar__indicator{background-color:#3b78e7;bottom:0;forced-color-adjust:none;height:4px;left:0;position:absolute;width:0}.uni-article-progress-bar__social{position:fixed;right:10px;width:auto}@media (min-width:600px){.uni-article-progress-bar__social{position:static}}.uni-article-progress-bar__social .uni-social-share__trigger{margin-top:0}.uni-article-progress-bar__social:active,.uni-article-progress-bar__social:focus{outline:0}.slide-up{opacity:0;visibility:hidden}.hide-progress-bar,.slide-up{display:none}.article-share__wrapper{text-align:right}.article-share__title{color:#5f6368;display:inline-block;font-size:14px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:0;margin-left:10px;text-align:start;vertical-align:text-bottom}.article-share__link-text{align-items:center;display:block;display:flex;height:48px;margin-inline-end:20px;margin-bottom:6px;width:96px}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-share__link-text:last-child{margin-bottom:0}}.article-share__link-text:hover svg,.uni-social-share__trigger:hover svg{fill:#1a73e8}.article-share__link-text.uni-click-tracker:focus{background:0 0;border-radius:4px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:4px}.article-share__link-text.uni-click-tracker:focus .article-share__title{color:#174ea6}.article-share__link-text.uni-click-tracker:focus .h-c-icon{fill:#174ea6}.uni-social-share{cursor:pointer;display:inline-flex;height:-moz-max-content;height:max-content;position:relative}@media (min-width:600px){.uni-social-share{position:relative;top:0}}@media (min-width:1024px){.uni-social-share{position:relative}}.uni-social-share:active,.uni-social-share:focus,.uni-social-share__button:focus{outline:0}.uni-social-share__button{color:#202124;display:none;font-size:16px;font-weight:400;margin-inline-start:10px;margin-top:2px}@media (min-width:600px){.uni-social-share__button{display:inline-block}}.uni-social-share__trigger{align-items:center;display:flex;height:44px;justify-content:center;min-width:44px}.uni-social-share__trigger svg{height:18px;width:19px}@media(forced-colors:active){.uni-social-share__trigger svg{fill:#1a73e8}}@media(prefers-contrast:forced){.uni-social-share__trigger svg{fill:#1a73e8}}@media (min-width:600px){.uni-social-share__trigger{padding:0 4px}.uni-social-share__trigger svg{margin:0}}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-social-share__trigger{margin-top:-9px}}.uni-social-share__trigger:hover .uni-social-share__button{color:#1a73e8}.uni-social-share__trigger:focus{background:0 0;border-radius:4px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.uni-social-share__dialog{background-color:#fff;border:0;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,.2);display:none;padding:17px 24px;position:absolute;top:40px;z-index:5}@media (min-width:1024px){.uni-social-share__dialog{left:auto;right:0;top:35px}}.uni-social-share__content{left:-120px;width:144px}.uni-social-share__content svg{flex-shrink:0;height:25px;width:25px}@media(forced-colors:active){.uni-social-share__content svg{fill:#1a73e8}}@media(prefers-contrast:forced){.uni-social-share__content svg{fill:#1a73e8}}@media (min-width:600px){.uni-social-share__content{left:0;margin:0}}@media (min-width:1024px){.uni-social-share__content{left:-10px}.uni-social-share--mobile{display:none}}.uni-social-share--desktop{display:none}@media (min-width:1024px){.uni-social-share--desktop{display:inline-flex}}.author-byline{align-items:center;display:flex;min-height:48px;min-width:200px}.author-byline__link{align-items:center;border-radius:4px;display:flex;flex-grow:1;gap:16px;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none}.author-byline__link--disabled{pointer-events:none}.author-byline__link--disabled .author-byline__info-name{color:#202124}.author-byline__link:hover .author-byline__info-name{color:#174ea6}.author-byline__link:focus{background:0 0;border-radius:4px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:4px}.author-byline__link:active{background-color:#e8f0fe;outline:4px solid #e8f0fe;outline-offset:0}.author-byline:nth-child(n+2){display:none}@container (min-width: 416px){.author-byline:nth-child(2){display:flex}}@container (min-width: 632px){.author-byline:nth-child(3){display:flex}}@container (min-width: 848px){.author-byline:nth-child(4){display:flex}}.author-byline__no-image{background-color:#757575;border:1px solid #e8eaed;border-radius:50%;color:#fff;flex-shrink:0;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:24px;font-style:normal;height:40px;line-height:40px;max-width:40px;text-align:center;width:40px}.author-byline__info-name,.author-byline__info-title{-webkit-box-orient:vertical;display:-webkit-box;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.author-byline__info-name{-webkit-line-clamp:2;color:#1967d2;transition:color .1s ease-in}.author-byline__info-title{-webkit-line-clamp:1;color:#5f6368;margin-top:4px}.authors-byline-container{align-items:center;-moz-column-gap:16px;column-gap:16px;container-type:inline-size;display:flex;justify-content:flex-start}.breadcrumb__container{margin-inline-end:-14px;margin-inline-start:-14px;overflow:auto;position:relative}.breadcrumb__container .hide{display:none}.breadcrumb__label{clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);height:1px;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;white-space:nowrap;width:1px;z-index:-1000}@media(min-width:768px){.breadcrumb__label{display:none}}.breadcrumb__next-btn,.breadcrumb__prev-btn{align-items:center;background:#fff;border:0;cursor:pointer;display:inline-flex;height:48px;justify-content:center;margin:2px;outline:2px solid #fff;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;width:48px;z-index:1}.breadcrumb__next-btn>svg,.breadcrumb__prev-btn>svg{fill:#202124;height:24px;width:24px}.breadcrumb__next-btn:hover>svg,.breadcrumb__prev-btn:hover>svg{fill:#174ea6}.breadcrumb__next-btn:before,.breadcrumb__prev-btn:before{content:"";height:100%;pointer-events:none;position:absolute;top:0;width:22px}@media(forced-colors:active){.breadcrumb__next-btn,.breadcrumb__prev-btn{border-radius:48px}.breadcrumb__next-btn>svg,.breadcrumb__prev-btn>svg{fill:#fff}.breadcrumb__next-btn:after,.breadcrumb__prev-btn:after{background-color:#000;content:"";height:100%;inset-inline-start:-2px;position:absolute;width:10px;z-index:-1}}@media(prefers-contrast:forced){.breadcrumb__next-btn,.breadcrumb__prev-btn{border-radius:48px}.breadcrumb__next-btn>svg,.breadcrumb__prev-btn>svg{fill:#fff}.breadcrumb__next-btn:after,.breadcrumb__prev-btn:after{background-color:#000;content:"";height:100%;inset-inline-start:-2px;position:absolute;width:10px;z-index:-1}}.breadcrumb__prev-btn{inset-inline-start:0}.breadcrumb__prev-btn>svg{transform:scaleX(-1)}.breadcrumb__prev-btn:before{background:linear-gradient(90deg,#fff,hsla(0,0%,100%,0));inset-inline-start:46px}.breadcrumb__next-btn{inset-inline-end:0}.breadcrumb__next-btn:before{background:linear-gradient(90deg,hsla(0,0%,100%,0),#fff);inset-inline-end:46px}@media(forced-colors:active){.breadcrumb__next-btn:after{inset-inline-end:-2px;inset-inline-start:auto}}@media(prefers-contrast:forced){.breadcrumb__next-btn:after{inset-inline-end:-2px;inset-inline-start:auto}}.breadcrumb__focusable{height:100%;inset-inline-start:0;position:absolute;top:0;width:5px}.breadcrumb__focusable:focus-visible{outline:0}.breadcrumb__focusable--end{inset-inline-end:0;inset-inline-start:auto}.breadcrumb__scrollable{overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden;padding:2px;white-space:nowrap}.breadcrumb__scrollable::-webkit-scrollbar{height:0;width:0}.breadcrumb__scrollable ol{list-style:none;margin:0;padding-left:0}.breadcrumb__scrollable li{display:inline}.breadcrumb__button{color:#1a73e8;display:inline-block;padding:0 12px;vertical-align:middle}.breadcrumb__button:visited{color:#1a73e8}.breadcrumb__button:hover{color:#174ea6}.breadcrumb__button:focus{outline:2px solid #174ea6}.breadcrumb__button:active,.breadcrumb__button:focus{background-color:#e8f0fe;border-radius:48px;color:#174ea6}.breadcrumb__button:active{outline:0}.breadcrumb__button--homepage{align-items:center;display:inline-flex;height:48px;justify-content:center;padding:0;width:48px}.breadcrumb__button--homepage>svg{fill:#1a73e8;height:16px;width:16px}.breadcrumb__button--homepage:visited>svg{fill:#1a73e8}.breadcrumb__button--homepage:active>svg,.breadcrumb__button--homepage:focus>svg,.breadcrumb__button--homepage:hover>svg{fill:#174ea6}.breadcrumb__chevron{fill:#5f6368;display:inline-block;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;width:16px}.feedback-survey-container,uni-feedback-survey-controller{position:absolute}.feedback-survey{background-color:#fff;border:0;border-radius:8px;bottom:20px;box-shadow:0 6px 10px 4px rgba(60,64,67,.15),0 2px 3px 0 rgba(60,64,67,.3);display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;max-height:70vh;min-height:0;opacity:0;padding-bottom:24px;position:fixed;right:50%;transform:translate(50%,100%);transition:height .5s ease,opacity .5s ease,transform .5s ease,visibility .5s ease;visibility:hidden;width:calc(100% - 40px);z-index:3}@media(min-width:600px){.feedback-survey{max-height:80vh}}@media(forced-colors:active){.feedback-survey{outline:1px solid #fff}}@media(prefers-contrast:forced){.feedback-survey{outline:1px solid #fff}}@media(min-width:600px){.feedback-survey{bottom:40px;right:40px;transform:translateY(100%);width:420px}}.feedback-survey__question{margin-bottom:48px;overflow:hidden;padding-inline-end:48px;padding-inline-start:24px;position:relative;width:100%}.feedback-survey__question--next{left:0;opacity:0;padding-inline-end:48px;padding-inline-start:24px;pointer-events:none;position:absolute;top:0}.feedback-survey__question-container{border:0;display:flex;flex:1;flex-direction:column;height:calc(100% - 48px);margin:0;padding-top:24px;padding-inline:0;position:absolute;width:100%;z-index:-1}.feedback-survey__answers--next{left:0;opacity:0;padding-inline:24px;pointer-events:none;position:absolute;top:5px;width:100%}.feedback-survey__answer{align-items:center;background-color:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #f8f9fa;border-radius:4px;cursor:pointer;display:flex;height:auto;line-height:26px;min-height:60px;padding:16px;position:relative;text-align:left;transition:background-color,border .2s ease;width:100%}.feedback-survey__answer input{flex-shrink:0}.feedback-survey__answer--simple_question input{clip:rect(0 0 0 0);border:0;-webkit-clip-path:inset(100%);clip-path:inset(100%);height:1px;margin:-1px;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;white-space:nowrap;width:1px}.feedback-survey__answer:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:16px}@media(min-width:1024px){.feedback-survey__answer:hover{background-color:#f6f9fe;border:1px solid #1a73e8;box-shadow:0 4px 8px 3px rgba(60,64,67,.15),0 1px 3px 0 rgba(60,64,67,.3)}}.feedback-survey__answer:has(input:checked){background-color:#e8f0fe;border:1px solid #1a73e8;box-shadow:none}.feedback-survey__answer:has(input:focus-visible){background:0 0;background-color:#f6f9fe;border-radius:4px;color:#174ea6;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-color:#174ea6;outline-offset:0}.feedback-survey__emoji{display:block;margin-bottom:8px;text-align:center}.feedback-survey__thank-you-message{opacity:0;pointer-events:none;position:absolute;text-align:center;transition:opacity .5s ease;width:100%}.feedback-survey__thank-you-message--popup{left:50%;padding:36px 24px;position:absolute;top:0;transform:translateX(-50%)}.feedback-survey__title-sr{clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);height:100%;left:-50%;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;top:-50%;transform:translate(50%,50%);width:100%}.feedback-survey__close-button{align-items:center;background:0 0;border:0;color:#5f6368;display:flex;height:44px;justify-content:center;padding:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;width:44px;z-index:10}.feedback-survey__close-button:visited{color:#5f6368}.feedback-survey__close-button:hover{color:#202124}.feedback-survey__close-button:focus{background:0 0;border-radius:13px;color:#174ea6;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-color:#174ea6;outline-offset:0}.feedback-survey__close-button:active{color:#202124;outline:0}.feedback-survey svg{display:flex;height:24px;width:24px}.feedback-survey__participation-prompt{position:relative;z-index:2}.feedback-survey__participation-prompt__title{margin-block:24px;margin-inline-end:48px;margin-inline-start:24px;text-align:center}.feedback-survey__participation-prompt__buttons{align-items:center;display:flex;gap:16px;justify-content:center}.feedback-survey__participation-prompt__disclaimer{margin-top:24px;margin-inline:24px;text-align:center}.uni-blog-article-tags{display:flex;flex-direction:column;font-size:.7777777778em;font-weight:500;margin:0 auto 48px;max-width:726px;padding-block-start:36px;text-transform:uppercase}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-blog-article-tags{margin-bottom:60px}}@media(min-width:768px){.uni-blog-article-tags{flex-direction:row}}.uni-blog-article-tags__label{color:#202124;display:block}@media(min-width:768px){.uni-blog-article-tags__label{margin-inline-end:24px;min-width:92px}}.uni-blog-article-tags__container{align-content:flex-end;display:inline-block}.uni-blog-article-tags__tags-list{display:inline-block;list-style:none;margin:0 -4px;padding:0}.uni-blog-article-tags__tags-list>li{display:inline-block;margin:0 4px 16px}.uni-blog-article-tags__tags-list>li .uni-blog-article-tags-value{background:#e8f0fe;border-radius:30px;color:#174ea6;display:inline-block;padding:12px 20px;text-align:center;text-transform:none}.uni-blog-article-tags__tags-list>li .uni-blog-article-tags-value:focus{outline:2px solid #174ea6}.uni-blog-article-tags__tags-list>li .uni-link-active{font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family)}.uni-blog-article-tags__tags-list>li .uni-link-active:hover{background:#1a73e8;color:#fff}.uni-blog-article-tags__tags-list>li .uni-link-disabled{background-color:#f8f9fa;color:#3c4043}.uni-blog-article-tags__wrapper{max-width:100%}@media(min-width:768px){.uni-blog-article-tags__wrapper{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start}}.uni-paragraph h2,.uni-paragraph h3{word-wrap:break-word;-webkit-hyphens:none;hyphens:none;margin-bottom:16px}.uni-paragraph li{margin-bottom:24px;padding-left:5px}.uni-paragraph li:first-child{margin-top:36px}.uni-paragraph li:last-child{margin-bottom:36px}.uni-paragraph li::marker{color:#000;font-weight:500}.article-container .article-module:not(.article-image--full-aspect) h2,.article-paragraph h2{font-size:24px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:0;line-height:32px;margin:initial;padding:16px 0}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-container .article-module:not(.article-image--full-aspect) h2,.article-paragraph h2{font-size:36px;letter-spacing:-.25px;line-height:44px;padding:24px 0}}.article-container .article-module:not(.article-image--full-aspect) h3,.article-paragraph h3{font-size:18px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:0;line-height:28px;margin:initial;padding:16px 0}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-container .article-module:not(.article-image--full-aspect) h3,.article-paragraph h3{font-size:28px;letter-spacing:0;line-height:36px}}.article-container .article-module:not(.article-image--full-aspect) p+h2,.article-container .article-module:not(.article-image--full-aspect) p+h3{margin-bottom:0}.article-container .article-module:not(.article-image--full-aspect) p+h2:not(:first-child),.article-container .article-module:not(.article-image--full-aspect) p+h3:not(:first-child){margin-top:0}.module--text.module--text__article{margin-bottom:0!important;padding-bottom:36px}.aspect-ratio-image{position:relative}.aspect-ratio-image:before{content:"";display:block;padding-top:var(--height-percentage)}.aspect-ratio-image__container{height:100%;position:absolute;top:0;width:100%}.aspect-ratio-image__image{height:100%;object-fit:cover;width:100%}.audio-player{margin:36px auto;max-width:617px;width:100%}.audio-player__container{background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #dadce0;border-radius:8px;padding:24px}.audio-player__container:focus{outline:0}.audio-player__container:focus-visible{border:1px solid #dadce0;margin:0;outline:3px solid #174ea6}@media(min-width:600px){.audio-player__container{padding:36px 24px}}.audio-player__text-content{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:flex-end}@media(min-width:600px){.audio-player__text-content{grid-gap:8px 24px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:43px 1fr;grid-template-rows:43px 1fr;justify-content:flex-start}}.audio-player__content{padding-bottom:24px;width:100%}@media(min-width:600px){.audio-player__content{grid-column:2/3;grid-row:1/3;padding:0}}.audio-player__preview-play{align-items:center;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #e8eaed;border-radius:44px;display:flex;height:43px;outline:0;overflow:hidden;padding:0 0 0 24px;transition:all .4s;width:102px}@media(min-width:600px){.audio-player__preview-play{grid-column:1/2;grid-row:1;justify-content:center;padding:0;position:sticky;width:44px}.audio-player__preview-play:focus-visible{border:1px solid #e8eaed;outline:3px solid #174ea6}.audio-player__preview-play:hover{background:#f8f9fa;filter:drop-shadow(0 0 7px rgba(0,0,0,.15))}.audio-player__preview-play:hover .icon{fill:#1a73e8}}.audio-player__duration--large-viewport{display:none;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:.35px;line-height:18px;text-align:center}@media(min-width:600px){.audio-player__duration--large-viewport{display:block}}.audio-player__console{display:flex;flex-direction:column}@media(min-width:600px){.audio-player__console{align-items:center;flex-direction:row}}.audio-player__start{align-items:center;height:0;justify-content:center;padding:0 24px;transition:all .4s;visibility:hidden}@media(min-width:600px){.audio-player__start{grid-gap:32px;margin-right:28px;padding:0}}.audio-player__forward,.audio-player__replay,.audio-player__volume{background:#fff;border:0;height:24px}.audio-player__replay{animation:showAndTranslateRight .6s .6s forwards;opacity:0;padding:0;position:relative}@media(min-width:600px){.audio-player__replay{animation:none;opacity:1}}.audio-player__forward{animation:showAndTranslateLeft .6s .6s forwards;opacity:0;padding:0;position:relative}@media(min-width:600px){.audio-player__forward{animation:none;opacity:1}}.audio-player__pause{background:#fff;border:1px solid #e8eaed;border-radius:44px;box-sizing:border-box;display:none;height:43px;opacity:0;outline:0;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:sticky;transition:all .4s;visibility:hidden;width:43px}.audio-player__pause:focus-visible{border:1px solid #e8eaed;outline:3px solid #174ea6}@media(min-width:600px){.audio-player__pause{grid-column:1/2;grid-row:1}.audio-player__pause:hover{background:#f8f9fa;filter:drop-shadow(0 0 7px rgba(0,0,0,.15))}.audio-player__pause:hover .icon{fill:#1a73e8}}.audio-player__icon-play{display:none}.audio-player__icon-pause{display:inline;display:initial}.audio-player__icon-pause--hidden{display:none}.audio-player__time-bar{align-items:center;display:none;height:0;position:relative;transition:all .3s;visibility:hidden}.audio-player__time-bar .timeline__slider{width:100%}@media(min-width:600px){.audio-player__time-bar{align-items:center;width:100%}}.audio-player__duration{letter-spacing:.35px;line-height:18px;padding:0 16px 0 9px}@media(min-width:600px){.audio-player__duration{padding:0;position:absolute;top:46px}}.audio-player__current-time,.audio-player__duration-time{bottom:-5px;letter-spacing:.25px;line-height:24px;position:absolute}@media(min-width:600px){.audio-player__current-time,.audio-player__duration-time{position:static}}.audio-player__current-time,.audio-player__duration,.audio-player__duration-time{color:#5f6368;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--roboto-font-family);font-size:12px}@media(min-width:600px){.audio-player__current-time{padding-left:0}}.audio-player__duration-time{right:0}.audio-player .timeline__slider,.audio-player .volume__slider{border-radius:13px;outline:0}.audio-player__timeline-slider-container{margin:30px 0;width:100%}@media(min-width:600px){.audio-player__timeline-slider-container{margin:0 8px}}.audio-player__volume-content{display:none}@media(min-width:600px){.audio-player__volume-content{grid-gap:10px;align-items:center;background:#fff;display:flex;height:33px;justify-content:flex-end;margin-left:24px;overflow:hidden;width:30px;z-index:2}}.audio-player__volume-content:focus-within,.audio-player__volume-content:hover{background:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #f1f3f4;border-radius:35px;margin-left:24px;padding-right:8px;position:absolute;right:0;width:116px}.audio-player__volume-content:focus-within .audio-player__volume-slider,.audio-player__volume-content:hover .audio-player__volume-slider{width:60px}.audio-player__volume-slider-container{order:1;transition:.25s;width:60px}.audio-player__volume{order:2}.audio-player__volume:focus-within,.audio-player__volume:hover{padding:0;position:relative}.audio-player__volume:focus-within svg,.audio-player__volume:hover svg{background:#f8f9fa}@media(min-width:600px){.audio-player__volume{padding:0}}.audio-player__mute-icon{display:none}.audio-player .icon{height:inherit;transition:all .6s;width:24px}.audio-player input[type=range]{--slider-before-width:0%;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;background:0 0;float:left;height:11px;margin:0;outline:0;padding:0;position:relative;width:100%}.audio-player input[type=range]::-webkit-slider-runnable-track{background-color:#d2e3fc;border-radius:3px;cursor:pointer;height:3px;width:100%}.audio-player input[type=range]::-ms-track{background:0 0;border-color:transparent;border-radius:3px;color:transparent;cursor:pointer;height:3px;width:100%}.audio-player input[type=range]:before{background-color:#1a73e8;border-radius:3px;content:"";cursor:pointer;height:3px;left:0;position:absolute;top:4px;width:var(--slider-before-width)}.audio-player input[type=range]::-moz-range-progress{background-color:#1a73e8;border-radius:3px;content:"";cursor:pointer;height:3px;left:0;position:absolute;top:4px;width:100%;width:var(--slider-before-width)}.audio-player input[type=range]::-ms-progress{background-color:#1a73e8;border-radius:3px;content:"";cursor:pointer;height:3px;left:0;position:absolute;top:4px;width:var(--slider-before-width)}.audio-player input[type=range]::-webkit-slider-thumb{-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none;background-color:#1a73e8;border-radius:50%;box-sizing:initial;cursor:pointer;height:0;margin:-5px 0 0;position:relative;width:0}.audio-player input[type=range]::-moz-range-thumb{background-color:#1a73e8;border:0;border-radius:50%;box-sizing:initial;cursor:pointer;height:0;margin:-5px 0 0;position:relative;width:0}.audio-player input[type=range]::-ms-thumb{background-color:#1a73e8;border-radius:50%;box-sizing:initial;cursor:pointer;height:0;margin:-5px 0 0;position:relative;width:0}.audio-player input[type=range]:hover::-webkit-slider-thumb{height:12px;width:12px}.audio-player input[type=range]:hover::-moz-range-thumb{height:12px;width:12px}.audio-player input[type=range]:hover::-ms-thumb{height:12px;width:12px}.audio-player input[type=range]::-webkit-slider-thumb:hover{transform:scale(1.35)}.audio-player input[type=range]::-moz-range-thumb:hover{transform:scale(1.35)}.audio-player input[type=range]::-ms-thumb:hover{transform:scale(1.35)}.audio-player input[type=range]::-moz-range-track{background-color:#d2e3fc;border-radius:3px;cursor:pointer;height:3px;width:100%}.copy-link{cursor:pointer;display:block;height:auto;position:relative;text-align:left}.copy-link *{pointer-events:none}.copy-link svg{height:28px;width:28px}@media(forced-colors:active){.copy-link svg{fill:currentColor!important}}@media(min-width:1024px){.copy-link svg{height:26px;margin:0;width:30px}}.copy-link:hover svg{fill:#1a73e8}.copy-link:hover .copy-link__title{color:#1a73e8}.copy-link__trigger{align-items:center;background:0 0;border:0;display:flex;height:100%;justify-content:center;padding:0;width:100%}.copy-link__trigger-text{align-items:center;display:flex;height:48px;justify-content:flex-start}.copy-link__trigger-text svg{flex-shrink:0;height:25px;width:25px}.copy-link__trigger-text .copy-link__title{font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0;text-align:start;word-break:break-word}.copy-link__trigger-text:focus{background:0 0;border-radius:4px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:4px}.copy-link__trigger-text:focus .copy-link__title{color:#174ea6}.copy-link__trigger-text:focus .h-c-icon{fill:#174ea6}.copy-link__dialog{background-color:#fff;border:0;box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,.5);display:none;padding:10px 10px 10px 40px;position:absolute;top:-14px;z-index:1}@media(min-width:1024px){.copy-link__dialog{left:auto;padding:10px 40px 10px 10px;right:0;top:-10px}}.copy-link__content{left:-150px;width:200px}@media(min-width:1024px){.copy-link__content{left:-210px;width:240px}}.copy-link__url{border:0;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7;width:100%}.copy-link__title{color:#5f6368;display:inline-block;font-size:16px;font-weight:400;margin-inline-start:10px;vertical-align:text-bottom}a:hover .featured-article-cat-subcat-hero__summary,a:visited .featured-article-cat-subcat-hero__summary{color:#5f6368}.featured-article-hero__main-eyebrow{padding-bottom:24px;padding-top:24px;padding-inline:16px}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__main-eyebrow{padding-inline:32px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__main-eyebrow{padding-inline:60px}}.featured-article-hero__colored-background{background-color:#f8f9fa;bottom:0;position:absolute;top:-24px;transition:height .5s ease;width:100vw;z-index:-1}.featured-article-hero__grid>.featured-article-hero__main-title{display:none;grid-column:1/13}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__grid>.featured-article-hero__main-title{display:inherit}}.featured-article-hero__eyebrow{margin:0}.featured-article-hero__title{margin-bottom:16px}.featured-article-hero__title>p{font-size:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;line-height:inherit}.featured-article-hero__title--priority{grid-column:1/-1}.featured-article-hero__summary{color:#5f6368}.featured-article-hero__collection-badge{align-items:center;background-color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.9);border-radius:100px;bottom:28px;color:#1967d2;display:flex;gap:8px;justify-content:center;left:16px;opacity:1;padding-inline:16px;position:absolute;transition:opacity .1s linear;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;z-index:2}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__collection-badge{bottom:48px;left:32px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__collection-badge{bottom:72px;left:60px}}.featured-article-hero__collection-badge--special-hero{inset-block-end:24px;inset-inline-start:12px}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__collection-badge--special-hero{display:flex}}.featured-article-hero__collection-badge.no-additional-articles{inset-block-end:24px;inset-inline-start:16px}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__collection-badge.no-additional-articles{inset-block-end:48px;inset-inline-start:32px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__collection-badge.no-additional-articles{inset-block-end:24px;inset-inline-start:12px}}.featured-article-hero__link{display:block;grid-column:1/5;height:-moz-fit-content;height:fit-content;width:100%}.featured-article-hero__link--info-box{margin-bottom:24px}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__link{grid-column:1/9}}.featured-article-hero__link:focus,.featured-article-hero__link:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:4px}.featured-article-hero__link.home{display:none}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__link.home{display:block;grid-column:1/10}}.featured-article-hero__link:hover .featured-article-hero__title,.featured-article-hero__link:hover .featured-article-hero__title>p{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline}.featured-article-hero__link:hover+.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__title{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;transition:.3s}.featured-article-hero__link:hover+.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__cta svg.icon{fill:#1a73e8;transform:translate(4px)}.featured-article-hero__link:hover+.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__cta--special{border-color:#1a73e8;color:#174ea6}.featured-article-hero__link:hover+.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__cta--special svg.icon{fill:#174ea6}.featured-article-hero__link.special{display:none;width:calc(66% - 24px)}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__link.special{display:inherit;position:relative;transition:all .6s;z-index:1}}.featured-article-hero__link--img img{transition:transform .2s}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__link--img img.homepage,.featured-article-hero__link--img img:hover{transform:scale(1.03)}}.featured-article-hero__link--img:has(+.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__cta:hover) img,.featured-article-hero__link--img:has(+.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:hover) img{transform:scale(1.03)}.featured-article-hero__primary-link{display:inline-block;margin-bottom:8px}.featured-article-hero__home{margin:0 auto;max-width:1440px}.featured-article-hero__container{grid-column:4/12}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__container{padding:0 32px}}.featured-article-hero__image{background-position:50%;background-size:cover}.featured-article-hero__image,.featured-article-hero__image--full-width{margin:0;min-height:0;overflow:hidden;padding-top:56.25%;position:relative}.featured-article-hero__image--full-width:focus,.featured-article-hero__image:focus{background-position:50%;background-size:cover}.featured-article-hero__image img,.featured-article-hero__image--full-width img{display:block;height:100%;left:0;object-fit:cover;object-position:center;position:absolute;top:0;width:100%}.featured-article-hero__image--home,.featured-article-hero__top-section img{border-radius:0}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__image--default,.featured-article-hero__image--hero{background-position:0;background-size:cover;margin:0;min-height:440px;padding-top:62.5%}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__image--default,.featured-article-hero__image--hero{margin:36px 16px 24px}}.featured-article-hero__image--hero{margin-bottom:24px}.featured-article-hero__image--default{margin:24px 16px 0}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__image--default{margin:0 32px 16px}.featured-article-hero__image{display:block;min-height:432px;padding-top:0}}.featured-article-hero__image--full-width{background-position:50%;background-size:cover;display:block}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__image--full-width{display:none}}.featured-article-hero__image--full-height{height:100%}.featured-article-hero__authors-box{align-items:flex-end;display:flex;gap:16px;justify-content:space-between;width:100%}.featured-article-hero__authors-box--no-authors{justify-content:flex-end}.featured-article-hero__authors-box .authors-byline-container{flex:1 1 auto}.featured-article-hero__cta{align-items:flex-end;display:flex;justify-content:flex-end;min-height:48px;min-width:48px;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content}.featured-article-hero__cta svg.icon{fill:#202124;box-sizing:initial;height:16px;margin:0;padding:8px;width:16px}.featured-article-hero__cta:hover svg.icon{transform:translate(4px)}.featured-article-hero__cta--special:hover{border-color:#1a73e8;color:#174ea6}.featured-article-hero__cta--special:hover svg.icon{fill:#174ea6;transform:translate(4px)}.featured-article-hero__wrapper{grid-column-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}@media(min-width:600px){.featured-article-hero__wrapper{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__wrapper{grid-column-gap:24px;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}.featured-article-hero__wrapper.home{margin-inline:16px}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__wrapper.home{grid-template-columns:66px repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr)) 66px;margin-inline:32px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__wrapper.home{margin-inline:0}}.featured-article-hero__wrapper>.featured-article-hero__link{display:none}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__wrapper>.featured-article-hero__link{display:block}}.featured-article-hero__wrapper.hero{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;position:relative}.featured-article-hero__wrapper.hero>*{flex-direction:column}.featured-article-hero__wrapper.hero .featured-article-hero__content{opacity:1;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:relative;transition:0s;transition-delay:0s;width:100%}.featured-article-hero__wrapper.hero .featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero,.image-full-width__media-asset video{width:100%}.featured-article-hero__wrapper.hero .featured-article-hero__content.special{overflow:visible;overflow:initial}.featured-article-hero__wrapper.hero .featured-article-hero__content.special .featured-article-hero__cta{align-items:center;background-color:#fff;margin-top:36px;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content}.featured-article-hero__wrapper.hero .featured-article-hero__content.special .featured-article-hero__cta svg.icon{fill:#1a73e8;height:18px;padding:0;transition:transform .1s;width:18px}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__wrapper.hero .featured-article-hero__content{display:flex;height:-moz-fit-content;height:fit-content;inset-inline-end:0;position:absolute;transition:all .3s;transition-delay:.5s;width:calc(33% - 24px)}.featured-article-hero__wrapper.hero .featured-article-hero__content.special{box-sizing:border-box}}.featured-article-hero__wrapper.hero .featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero--card__author-frame .author__info .title{display:block}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__wrapper.hero.large{justify-content:flex-start;transition:all .6s}.featured-article-hero__wrapper.hero.large>.featured-article-hero__link{top:0;transition:all .4s;width:100%}.featured-article-hero__wrapper.hero.large>.featured-article-hero__link .featured-article-hero__image{top:0}.featured-article-hero__wrapper.hero.large>.featured-article-hero__content{opacity:0;padding:0;position:absolute;transition:all .4s}.featured-article-hero__wrapper.hero.large .featured-article-hero__collection-badge--special-hero{opacity:0}}.featured-article-hero__wrapper .featured-article-hero__content.featured-article-hero__content--hero{padding:0}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero{padding-bottom:0}.featured-article-hero:after{display:none}}.featured-article-hero__content{grid-column:1/-1;padding-top:24px}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__content{grid-column:1/13;margin-right:0}.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(+.featured-article-hero__authors-box svg:hover) h1,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(+.featured-article-hero__authors-box svg:hover) h1>p,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(+.featured-article-hero__authors-box svg:hover) h2,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(+.featured-article-hero__authors-box svg:hover) h2>p,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(+.featured-article-hero__authors-box svg:hover) h3,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(+.featured-article-hero__authors-box svg:hover) h3>p,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(~.featured-article-hero__cta:hover) h1,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(~.featured-article-hero__cta:hover) h1>p,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(~.featured-article-hero__cta:hover) h2,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(~.featured-article-hero__cta:hover) h2>p,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(~.featured-article-hero__cta:hover) h3,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(~.featured-article-hero__cta:hover) h3>p,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:hover h1,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:hover h1>p,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:hover h2,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:hover h2>p,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:hover h3,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:hover h3>p{-webkit-text-decoration:underline #202124;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline #202124;transition:.3s}.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(+.featured-article-hero__authors-box svg:hover)+.featured-article-hero__authors-box svg,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(~.featured-article-hero__cta:hover)+.featured-article-hero__authors-box svg,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:hover+.featured-article-hero__authors-box svg{fill:#4285f4;transform:translateX(4px)}.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(+.featured-article-hero__authors-box svg:hover)+.featured-article-hero__authors-box+.featured-article-hero__cta,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(~.featured-article-hero__cta:hover)+.featured-article-hero__authors-box+.featured-article-hero__cta,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:hover+.featured-article-hero__authors-box+.featured-article-hero__cta{border-color:#1a73e8;color:#174ea6}.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(+.featured-article-hero__authors-box svg:hover)+.featured-article-hero__authors-box+.featured-article-hero__cta svg.icon,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:has(~.featured-article-hero__cta:hover)+.featured-article-hero__authors-box+.featured-article-hero__cta svg.icon,.featured-article-hero__content .featured-article-hero__link:hover+.featured-article-hero__authors-box+.featured-article-hero__cta svg.icon{fill:#174ea6;transform:translateX(4px)}}.featured-article-hero__content--image{position:relative}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__content--image{grid-column:9/13}.featured-article-hero__content--image.homepage{grid-column:10/14}}.featured-article-hero__content.homepage{padding-top:0}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__content.homepage{align-items:center;display:flex;justify-content:flex-end}.featured-article-hero__content.homepage.special{align-items:flex-start}.featured-article-hero__content.homepage.additional-articles{grid-column:2/10;grid-row:2/3;margin-top:0}}.featured-article-hero__card{background:#fff;border-radius:16px;box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(54,64,67,.3),0 4px 8px 3px rgba(54,64,67,.15);margin-bottom:36px;margin-top:-16px;padding-bottom:36px;padding-top:24px;padding-inline:24px}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__card{margin-top:-32px;padding-inline:36px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__card{margin-block:0;margin-inline-start:-72px;width:calc(100% + 72px)}}.featured-article-hero__card.additional-articles{margin-top:-16px}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero__card.additional-articles{margin-top:-32px;padding-inline:36px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__card.additional-articles{border-radius:16px;border-start-end-radius:0;margin-inline-start:-30px;margin-top:-60px;width:calc(100% + 30px)}}.featured-article-hero__card>a:focus,.featured-article-hero__card>a:focus-visible{background:0 0;outline:0}.featured-article-hero__card.focus{border-radius:16px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.featured-article-hero__card.focus.additional-articles{border-top-right-radius:0}.featured-article-hero__card .featured-article-hero__content{grid-column:1/14;padding:0}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__card .featured-article-hero__content{grid-column:10/14}}.featured-article-hero-large-title__wrapper{grid-column-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}@media(min-width:600px){.featured-article-hero-large-title__wrapper{grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero-large-title__wrapper{grid-column-gap:24px;display:none;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}.featured-article-hero__large-info{display:none}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__large-info{grid-column-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr));padding-top:36px;text-align:center}}@media(min-width:1024px)and (min-width:600px){.featured-article-hero__large-info{grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px)and (min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__large-info{grid-column-gap:24px;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__large-info>*{grid-column:3/11}.featured-article-hero__large-info .featured-article-hero__link{grid-column:3/11;margin-bottom:36px}.featured-article-hero__large-info h1{margin:0}.featured-article-hero__large-info h1>p{font-size:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;line-height:inherit}.featured-article-hero__large-info p{grid-column:3/11;padding-bottom:8px}.featured-article-hero__large-info p .featured-article-hero__primary-link{display:inline-block}}.featured-article-hero__info-section{margin-bottom:60px;position:relative}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero__info-section{margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}}.featured-article-hero__top-section{padding:0}.featured-article-hero--break-grid .featured-article-hero__image{height:0;margin-left:0;overflow:hidden;transform:translateZ(0)}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero--break-grid .featured-article-hero__image.homepage{border-radius:0 0 8px 8px}}.featured-article-hero--break-grid .featured-article-hero__image.special{flex-basis:auto}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero--break-grid .featured-article-hero__image.special{border-radius:8px}.featured-article-hero--break-grid .featured-article-hero__image.homepage{padding-top:55.063%}.featured-article-hero--break-grid .featured-article-hero__image.special{flex-basis:auto;padding-top:0}}@media(min-width:1024px){.featured-article-hero--break-grid .featured-article-hero__image.special{height:max(347px,min(35.07vw,505px));min-height:0;min-height:auto}}@media(min-width:768px){.featured-article-hero--break-grid .featured-article-hero__wrapper.large .featured-article-hero__image.special{border-radius:16px}.featured-article-hero--main-eyebrow .featured-article-hero__image.homepage{border-radius:8px}}.featured-article-hero__summary,.featured-article-hero__title{transition:all .3s ease-in-out}.featured-article-hero__image--full-width .featured-article-hero__image-tag{height:100%;width:100%}.h-c-footer__upper:after{border-bottom:1px solid #dadce0;content:"";display:block;visibility:visible;width:100%}.uni-footer-language{min-width:220px}.h-c-footer__upper{padding-bottom:0;padding-top:36px;padding-inline:24px}@media(min-width:768px){.h-c-footer__upper{padding-inline-end:32px;padding-inline-start:32px}}.h-c-footer__upper .h-c-social{margin-block-start:-8px;margin-inline-end:0;margin-inline-start:0;margin-bottom:24px}@media(min-width:768px){.h-c-footer__upper .h-c-social{margin-block-start:0}}.h-c-footer__upper .h-c-social__group .h-c-social__title{align-content:center;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;line-height:24px;margin-top:8px}@media(min-width:768px){.h-c-footer__upper .h-c-social__group .h-c-social__title{margin-block-start:0}}.h-c-footer__upper .h-c-social__group .h-c-social__list{margin-top:8px}@media(min-width:768px){.h-c-footer__upper .h-c-social__group .h-c-social__list{margin-block-start:0}}.h-c-footer__upper .h-c-social__group .h-c-social__list .h-c-social__item{height:48px;margin-inline-end:8px;width:48px}.h-c-footer__upper .h-c-social__group .h-c-social__list .h-c-social__item .h-c-social__link{align-content:center;height:48px;text-align:center;width:48px}.h-c-footer__upper .h-c-social__group .h-c-social__list .h-c-social__item .h-c-social__link:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;box-shadow:none;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__global-links .h-c-footer__global-links-list-item .h-c-footer__link:focus,.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__logo .uni-click-tracker:focus,.h-c-footer__upper .h-c-social__group .h-c-social__list .h-c-social__item .h-c-social__link:focus{background:0 0;background:#e8eaed;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}@media(forced-colors:active){.h-c-footer__upper .h-c-social__group .h-c-social__list .h-c-social__item .h-c-social__link .h-c-icon{fill:currentColor}}.h-c-footer__global{padding-bottom:36px;padding-top:24px;padding-inline:24px}@media(min-width:768px){.h-c-footer__global{padding-inline-end:32px;padding-inline-start:32px}}.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__logo{height:48px;margin-inline-end:0;margin-inline-start:0;margin-bottom:16px;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:768px){.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__logo{margin-bottom:16px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__logo{margin-bottom:15px;margin-inline-end:36px;margin-top:10px}}.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__logo .uni-click-tracker{align-content:center;height:48px}.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__logo .uni-click-tracker .h-c-footer__logo-img{display:block}@media(forced-colors:active){.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__logo .uni-click-tracker .h-c-footer__logo-img{fill:currentColor}}.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__global-links{margin-inline-end:0;margin-inline-start:0;margin-bottom:8px;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:768px){.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__global-links{margin-bottom:18px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__global-links{margin-bottom:15px;margin-top:10px}}.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__global-links .h-c-footer__global-links-list-item{height:48px;margin-bottom:8px;padding:0 24px 8px 0}.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__global-links .h-c-footer__global-links-list-item:last-child{padding-inline-end:0}@media(min-width:768px){.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__global-links .h-c-footer__global-links-list-item{margin-bottom:0;padding:0 24px 0 0}}.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__global-links .h-c-footer__global-links-list-item .h-c-footer__link{align-content:center;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;height:48px}.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__global-links--extra{margin-bottom:0}@media(min-width:768px){.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__global-links--extra{margin-top:0}}@media(min-width:1024px){.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__global-links--extra{margin-bottom:15px;margin-top:10px}}@media(forced-colors:active){.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__global-links--extra .h-c-footer__global-links-list-item .h-c-footer__link .h-c-icon{fill:currentColor;color:currentColor}}.h-c-footer__global .h-c-footer__global-links--extra .h-c-footer__global-links-list-item{font-size:16px;height:48px;padding:0 24px 0 0}.h-c-footer__global .uni-footer-language{align-content:center;height:48px;padding:0}.rich-text a.superscript,.uni-footnotes__text .uni-footnotes__index{color:#1a73e8;text-align:center}.rich-text a.superscript:focus,.rich-text a.superscript:hover,.uni-footnotes__text .uni-footnotes__index:focus,.uni-footnotes__text .uni-footnotes__index:hover{color:#174ea6}.rich-text a.superscript:hover{outline:0}.uni-footnotes__text .uni-footnotes__index:hover{background:#e8f0fe;outline:0}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-footnotes--align-center .uni-footnotes__container{grid-column:2/span 10}}.uni-footnotes__wrapper{grid-column-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}@media(min-width:600px){.uni-footnotes__wrapper{grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-footnotes__wrapper{grid-column-gap:24px;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}.uni-footnotes p{display:inline}.uni-footnotes__container{grid-column:1/-1}.article-container .article-module.uni-article-video figure,.uni-article-video figure,.uni-footnotes hr,.uni-footnotes__content{margin:0 auto}@media(min-width:768px){.uni-footnotes hr,.uni-footnotes__chevron-menu,.uni-footnotes__content{max-width:464px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-footnotes hr,.uni-footnotes__chevron-menu,.uni-footnotes__content{max-width:726px}}.uni-footnotes__content{display:none;margin-top:24px}.uni-footnotes__chevron-menu{align-items:center;cursor:pointer;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;margin:16px auto}.uni-footnotes__chevron-menu:hover .uni-chevron-menu__button svg{fill:#174ea6}.uni-footnotes__chevron-menu:hover .uni-chevron-menu__title{color:#174ea6}.uni-footnotes__references{grid-column-gap:16px;grid-row-gap:24px;display:grid;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--roboto-font-family);grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr));width:100%}@media(min-width:600px){.uni-footnotes__references{grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-footnotes__references{grid-column-gap:24px;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}.uni-footnotes__references p{font-size:14px;font-weight:300;letter-spacing:.25px;line-height:24px}.uni-footnotes__text{grid-column:1/13;position:relative}.uni-footnotes__text .uni-footnotes__index{align-items:center;border-radius:50%;display:flex;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:14px;font-weight:400;height:44px;justify-content:center;letter-spacing:.15px;line-height:24px;position:absolute;top:-8px;width:44px}.uni-footnotes__text .uni-footnotes__index:focus{border:1px solid}@-moz-document url-prefix(){@media screen and (min-width:1025px){.uni-footnotes__text .uni-footnotes__index{margin-top:4px}}}.uni-footnotes__text .rich-text{font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);margin-inline-start:44px}.uni-footnotes__slot{grid-row-gap:24px;display:grid!important;grid-column:1/-1}.uni-footnotes .uni-chevron-menu__button,.uni-footnotes__collapse-btn{background:#fff;border:0;padding:0}.uni-footnotes .uni-chevron-menu__button{align-items:center;display:flex;height:44px;justify-content:center;width:44px}.uni-footnotes .uni-chevron-menu__button svg{fill:#4285f4;height:21px;width:22px}.uni-footnotes .uni-chevron-menu__title{color:#1a73e8;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:14px;line-height:28px;padding:8px 0}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-footnotes .uni-chevron-menu__title{font-size:16px}}.uni-footnotes__collapse-container{grid-column:1/-1;margin-bottom:28px}.uni-footnotes__collapse-btn{align-items:center;border-radius:4px;display:flex;gap:8px;height:44px;justify-content:center;min-width:115px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-inline-end:8px;padding-inline-start:16px;padding-top:10px;white-space:nowrap}.rich-text a.superscript,.uni-footnotes__collapse-btn p{font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family)}.uni-footnotes__collapse-btn p{color:#1a73e8;font-size:14px;height:24px;letter-spacing:0;margin:0}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-footnotes__collapse-btn p{font-size:16px}}.uni-footnotes__collapse-btn svg{fill:#1a73e8;height:18px;padding:2px;transform:rotate(-180deg);width:18px}.uni-footnotes__collapse-btn:hover{background:#e8f0fe}.rich-text a.superscript{border:0;border-radius:77px;bottom:0;display:inline-flex;height:20px;justify-content:center;position:relative;top:-1px;width:20px}.rich-text a.superscript:active,.rich-text a.superscript:visited{outline:0}.rich-text a.superscript:hover{background:#e8f0fe;border-radius:50%;color:#174ea6}.rich-text a.superscript:focus{background:0 0;border-radius:50%;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.rich-text a.superscript sup{color:#1a73e8;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;height:30px;line-height:28px;position:absolute;top:-4px;width:30px}.uni-header-content-pusher{height:64px}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-header-content-pusher{height:64px}}.uni-header{--header-inline-padding:12px;background:#fff;box-shadow:0 2px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.16),0 2px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.23);height:64px;justify-content:flex-start;left:0;padding-inline:12px;padding-inline:var(--header-inline-padding);position:fixed;right:0;top:0;transform:translateY(0);transition:transform .15s ease-out;z-index:10}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-header{height:64px;padding-inline:0}}.uni-header__logo-google{margin:3px 16px 0 0}.uni-header__logo-google:focus{outline:0}@media(min-width:600px){.uni-header__logo-google{margin:3px 24px 0 0}}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-header__logo-google{margin:0 24px}}.uni-header__logo-google>svg,.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-navigation__brand-mobile .uni-navigation__logo-google>svg{height:17px;pointer-events:none;width:53px}@media(min-width:600px){.uni-header__logo-google>svg{height:24px;width:75px}}.uni-header .h-c-header__jump-to-content:focus{background:#fff;border:1px solid #dadce0;border-radius:4px;color:#1a73e8;display:flex;height:48px;justify-content:center;left:50%;letter-spacing:.25px;margin-left:0;margin-top:8px;overflow:hidden;padding:12px 24px;position:relative;top:0;transform:translate(-50%);white-space:nowrap;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;z-index:103}.uni-header__site-title>a{align-content:center;color:#5f6368;display:block;height:48px;width:100%}.uni-header__site-title-link:focus:not(:focus-visible),.uni-header__site-title>a:focus:not(:focus-visible),.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__item .uni-main-menu__item-label:focus:not(:focus-visible){outline:0}.uni-header__site-title-link:focus-visible,.uni-header__site-title>a:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:4px}.uni-header__site-title-link>div,.uni-header__site-title>a>div{align-items:center;display:flex;min-height:48px}.uni-header__site-title-link{align-items:center;display:flex;height:48px}@media(min-width:768px){.uni-header__hamburguer-wrapper{margin-inline-end:16px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-header__hamburguer-wrapper{display:none}}.uni-header__hamburguer-button{background:0 0;border:0;height:40px;margin:0;padding:0;width:40px}.uni-header__hamburguer-button:focus{background-color:#f5f5f5;border-radius:20px}.uni-header__hamburguer-button:hover{cursor:pointer}.uni-navigation--desktop{display:none;height:100%;margin:0 32px}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-navigation--desktop{display:block;margin:0 48px}}.uni-navigation--desktop ul{list-style:none;margin:0}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu{height:100%;opacity:1;transition:opacity .35s}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__item{font-size:.75rem;height:100%;line-height:1rem}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__item-label{background:0 0;border:0;color:#5f6368;cursor:pointer;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);height:100%;letter-spacing:.02rem;padding:0 8px;position:relative;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none}@media(min-width:900px){.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__item-label{padding:0 12px}}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__item .uni-main-menu__item-label:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:-2px}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__item.active .uni-main-menu__item-label,.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__item:hover .uni-main-menu__item-label{color:#000;cursor:pointer}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__item.active .uni-main-menu__item-label:first-child:after,.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__item.active>div:first-child:after{background:#3367d6;bottom:0;content:"";height:2px;left:8px;position:absolute;right:8px}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__item figure{height:24px;margin:0;pointer-events:none;transform:translateX(6px);transition:transform .35s cubic-bezier(.24,1,.32,1);width:24px}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__item figure svg{fill:#5f6368;height:24px;pointer-events:none;width:24px}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__item:hover figure svg{fill:#000}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__item:not(.open) .uni-main-menu__submenu-wrapper{display:none}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-wrapper{left:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:100%}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-wrapper:before{background:#fff;box-shadow:0 2px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.16),0 2px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.23);content:"";height:100%;left:50%;position:absolute;top:0;transform:translateX(-50%);width:100vw;z-index:-1}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-close{background:#fff;border:0;height:32px;margin-bottom:10px;opacity:1;padding:5px;position:absolute;text-align:center;top:15px;width:32px}@media screen and (min-width:600px){.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-close{position:fixed;right:25px;top:80px}}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-close--icon{left:8px;position:absolute;top:8px}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-close:focus:not(:focus-visible),.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all[title^="See all"]:focus:not(:focus-visible),.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-link>a:focus:not(:focus-visible){outline:0}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-close:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:48px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu{grid-column-gap:72px;grid-row-gap:36px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 1fr;grid-template-rows:1fr 1fr;margin:27px auto 0;padding:32px 0;transition:opacity .45s cubic-bezier(.24,1,.32,1);transition-delay:35ms}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;grid-template-rows:1fr}}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu.has-view-all{box-shadow:inset 0 -1px 0 0 #dadce0}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item{transition:transform .35s cubic-bezier(.24,1,.32,1),opacity .35s cubic-bezier(.24,1,.32,1)}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item:first-of-type{transition-delay:35ms}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item:nth-of-type(2){transition-delay:70ms}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item:nth-of-type(3){transition-delay:105ms}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item:nth-of-type(4){transition-delay:.14s}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item:nth-of-type(5){transition-delay:175ms}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label{box-shadow:inset 0 -1px 0 0 #dadce0;color:#5f6368;display:block;margin-bottom:16px;padding-bottom:16px;text-transform:uppercase}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all{display:inline-block;margin-top:1rem}.ui-carousel-slide__component uni-youtube-player-article,.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor,uni-video-player{display:block;height:100%}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor{padding-right:10px}}@media only screen and (min-width:1100px){.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor{padding-right:15px}}@media only screen and (min-width:1190px){.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor{padding-right:25px}}@media only screen and (min-width:1223px){.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor{padding-right:0}}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all,.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-link{line-height:1rem;max-width:200px;padding:8px 0}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all[title^="See all"],.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-link>a{color:#5f6368}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all[title^="See all"]:hover,.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-link>a:hover{color:#000}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all[title^="See all"]:focus-visible,.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-link>a:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:4px}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__learn-more{align-items:center;display:flex;flex:1 1 auto;gap:8px;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__learn-more-title{color:#5f6368;flex:0 0 auto;margin:0;white-space:nowrap}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link{align-items:center;color:#1a73e8;display:flex;flex:0 1 auto;gap:8px;padding:12px;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link:hover,.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-view-all>a:hover{color:#174ea6}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link:focus:not(:focus-visible),.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-view-all>a:focus:not(:focus-visible),.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-navigation__brand-mobile .uni-navigation__close:focus:not(:focus-visible){outline:0}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text{display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__learn-more:has(:only-child) .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link{max-width:100%}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__learn-more:has(:nth-child(2):last-child) .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link{max-width:50%}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__learn-more:has(:nth-child(3):last-child) .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link{max-width:33.3333%}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__learn-more:has(:nth-child(4):last-child) .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link{max-width:25%}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-shrink:0;height:18px;justify-content:center;width:18px}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon svg{color:currentColor;height:12px;transform:rotate(-45deg);width:12px}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon--see-all svg{transform:rotate(0)}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-view-all-link{align-items:center;color:#1a73e8;display:flex;flex:0 0 auto;gap:8px;justify-content:center;padding:8px;white-space:nowrap}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-view-all{align-items:center;display:flex;gap:12px;justify-content:flex-end;padding-block:12px;text-align:center;transition-delay:.2s;transition-duration:.35s;transition-property:opacity,transform;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.24,1,.32,1)}.uni-navigation--desktop .uni-main-menu__submenu-view-all>a:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:4px}.uni-main-menu__subnav--desktop{display:none}.uni-navigation__list-desktop{height:100%}.uni-navigation__list-mobile{display:none;flex:1;margin:0;overflow:scroll;transition:margin .8s cubic-bezier(.24,1,.32,1)}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.uni-navigation__list-mobile{overflow:hidden}}.uni-navigation--mobile{background-color:#fff;display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100%;left:-100%;overflow:hidden;position:fixed;top:0;transition:all .35s cubic-bezier(.24,1,.32,1);width:85%;z-index:1001}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-navigation--mobile{display:none}}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-navigation__brand-mobile{display:none;height:64px;margin:0 0 15px}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-navigation__brand-mobile .uni-navigation__close{background:#fff;border:0;height:50px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:4px;margin-top:22px;opacity:1;padding:5px 0 5px 5px;text-align:center;width:32px}@media screen and (min-width:330px){.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-navigation__brand-mobile .uni-navigation__close{margin-left:13px;padding:7px 0 5px 3px}}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-navigation__brand-mobile .uni-navigation__close:hover{cursor:pointer}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-navigation__brand-mobile .uni-navigation__close:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:48px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-navigation__brand-mobile .uni-navigation__logo-google{margin:3px 0 0 6px;padding:0}@media screen and (min-width:330px){.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-navigation__brand-mobile .uni-navigation__logo-google{margin:3px 0 0 20px}}@media(min-width:600px){.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-navigation__brand-mobile .uni-navigation__logo-google>svg{height:24px;width:75px}}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-navigation__brand-mobile .uni-navigation__site-title{font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:.8888888889rem;font-weight:400;line-height:28px;margin:0 0 0 16px}@media(min-width:600px){.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-navigation__brand-mobile .uni-navigation__site-title{font-size:1.2222222222rem;margin:0 0 0 24px}}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-navigation__brand-mobile .uni-navigation__site-title>a{color:#5f6368}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu{list-style:none;margin:0;padding-block:24px;padding-inline-end:16px}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu:after{content:""}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__learn-more-title{color:#5f6368;margin-bottom:24px;padding-inline:48px}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__learn-more-list{margin:0}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__learn-more-item{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;padding-inline:48px;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link{align-items:center;color:#1a73e8;display:flex;flex:0 1 auto;gap:8px;height:48px;min-width:150px;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link:hover{color:#174ea6}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link:focus:not(:focus-visible){outline:0}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text{display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-shrink:0;height:18px;justify-content:center;width:18px}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon svg{color:currentColor;height:12px;transform:rotate(-45deg);width:12px}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon--see-all svg{transform:rotate(0)}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__item{color:#80868b;padding-inline:24px}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__item.active{border-radius:0 20px 20px 0}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__item.active:not(:active){background-color:#f5f5f5}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__item.active .uni-main-menu__item-label,.uni-search-bar__suggested-searches-container p{color:#202124}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__item:active{background-color:#f1f1f1}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__item-label{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);background:0 0;border:0;color:#5f6368;height:52px;padding-inline:0;width:100%}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__item-label:focus:not(:focus-visible),.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name:focus:not(:focus-visible),.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link:focus:not(:focus-visible),.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-title:focus:not(:focus-visible){outline:0}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__item-label:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;color:#212121;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:-4px}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__item-label .expand-caret{height:18px;margin:0;pointer-events:none;width:24px}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__item-label .expand-caret>svg{fill:#202124;height:100%;pointer-events:none;transform:rotate(270deg);transition:transform .35s cubic-bezier(.24,1,.32,1);width:100%}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav--mobile{background-color:#fff;height:calc(100% - 64px);overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:scroll;position:absolute;right:-100%;top:64px;transition:all .5s cubic-bezier(.24,1,.32,1);visibility:hidden;width:100%;z-index:999}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-title{background:0 0;border:0;color:#5f6368;height:52px;margin:0;padding-block:0;padding-inline-start:24px;position:relative;width:100%}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-title:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:-1px}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-title .expand-caret{height:20px;margin:0 6px 0 0;padding:0;pointer-events:none;width:25px}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-title .expand-caret>svg{fill:#202124;height:100%;pointer-events:none;transform:rotate(90deg);width:100%}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-list{border-top:1px solid #dadce0;list-style:none;margin:0;padding-block:24px;padding-inline-end:16px}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name{background:0 0;border:0;color:#5f6368;height:52px;padding-inline:48px 24px;text-align:start;width:100%}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:-4px}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name .expand-caret{height:24px;margin:0;pointer-events:none;width:24px}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name .expand-caret>svg{fill:#202124;height:24px;pointer-events:none;transform:rotate(0);transition:transform .35s cubic-bezier(.24,1,.32,1);width:24px}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist{list-style:none;margin:0;max-height:0;overflow:hidden;transition:max-height .9s cubic-bezier(.24,1,.32,1);visibility:hidden}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link{color:#757575;display:block;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:.8888888889rem;line-height:1.2rem;max-width:280px;padding:14px 20px 14px 54px}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all{color:#3367d6}.uni-navigation--mobile .uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link:focus-visible{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);background:0 0;background-color:#f5f5f5;border-radius:8px;color:#000;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:-4px}.overlay-body-menu--mobile{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.5);content:"";height:120%;left:0;opacity:0;position:fixed;top:0;transition:opacity .5s ease;visibility:hidden;width:100%;z-index:1000}@media(min-width:1024px){.overlay-body-menu--mobile{display:none}}uni-icon-component{align-items:center;display:inline-flex}.image-full-width__link{display:block;margin-inline:auto}.image-full-width__link:focus{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:4px}.image-full-width__media-asset{border-radius:8px;height:auto;margin-inline:auto;overflow:hidden;position:relative;width:100%}.image-full-width__media-asset--mp4{aspect-ratio:auto;overflow:visible}.image-full-width__media-asset [slot]{height:100%;position:relative;width:100%}.image-full-width__media-asset img{height:100%;object-fit:cover;width:100%}.image-full-width__caption{margin-block-start:8px;text-align:center}.image-full-width--full .image-full-width__media-asset{max-width:100%}.image-full-width--large .image-full-width__media-asset{max-width:617px}.image-full-width--small .image-full-width__media-asset{max-width:187px}.image-full-width--constrained-width{margin-inline:auto;max-width:726px;position:relative}.loader-mask{background:rgba(0,0,0,.4);display:none;height:100%;left:0;position:fixed;top:0;width:100%;z-index:0}.loader-mask__loader{background:#c6dafc;display:block;height:6px;left:0;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;top:64px;transition:top .35s cubic-bezier(.24,1,.32,1);width:100%}.loader-mask__loader:after{background:#4285f4;content:"";display:block;height:100%;left:0;position:absolute;top:0;width:20}@media(min-width:900px){.loader-mask__loader{top:64px}}.loader-path{stroke:#1a73e8;stroke-dasharray:187;stroke-dashoffset:0;animation:dash 1.7s ease-in-out infinite,6.8s ease-in-out infinite;transform-origin:center}.uni-header__kebab-menu{background:#fff;border-top:2px solid #dadce0;list-style:none;margin:0;padding-block:24px;padding-inline-end:16px;position:relative;right:0;text-align:left;top:100%}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.uni-header__kebab-menu{box-shadow:0 2px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.16),0 2px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.23);padding:15px 0;position:absolute;width:132px}}.uni-header__kebab-menu:not(.menu-is-open){display:none}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.uni-header__kebab-menu-item{line-height:1.7777777778rem;margin-left:15px}}.uni-header__kebab-menu--mobile{bottom:-9px;right:inherit;top:inherit}.uni-header__kebab-menu--mobile:not(.menu-is-open){display:block}.uni-header__kebab-menu--mobile .uni-header__kebab-menu-item{padding-inline:24px}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.uni-header__kebab-menu--mobile .uni-header__kebab-menu-item{margin-left:20px}}.uni-header__kebab-menu--mobile .uni-header__kebab-menu-item a{height:52px}.uni-header__kebab-menu--mobile .uni-header__kebab-menu-item a:not(:hover):not(:active){color:#757575}.uni-header__kebab-menu--mobile .uni-header__kebab-menu-item a:focus:not(:focus-visible){outline:0}.uni-header__kebab-menu--mobile .uni-header__kebab-menu-item a:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:4px}.uni-header__newsletter{box-shadow:0 1px 3px 0 rgba(54,64,67,.3),0 4px 8px 3px rgba(54,64,67,.15);flex:0;padding:8px;z-index:10}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.uni-header__newsletter{box-shadow:none;padding:0}}.uni-header__newsletter--desktop{display:none}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.uni-header__newsletter--desktop{display:inline}}.uni-header__newsletter--mobile{display:block}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.uni-header__newsletter--mobile{display:none}}.uni-header__newsletter--cta{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.uni-header__newsletter--cta{margin-right:24px;padding:13px 26px 11px;width:auto}}@media(forced-colors:active){.uni-header__newsletter--cta.kw-button--high-emphasis{border:2px solid #1a73e8}.uni-header__newsletter--cta.kw-button--high-emphasis.kw-button:hover{border:2px solid CanvasText}}@media(prefers-contrast:forced){.uni-header__newsletter--cta.kw-button--high-emphasis{border:2px solid #1a73e8}.uni-header__newsletter--cta.kw-button--high-emphasis.kw-button:hover{border:2px solid CanvasText}}.uni-newsletter-toast{background-color:#fff;bottom:-100%;box-shadow:0 1px 3px 0 rgba(54,64,67,.3),0 4px 8px 3px rgba(54,64,67,.15);left:0;padding:16px 0;position:fixed;transition:all .5s ease .5s;visibility:hidden;width:100%;z-index:3}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.uni-newsletter-toast{padding:8px 0}}.uni-newsletter-toast--container{align-items:center;justify-content:space-between}@media screen and (min-width:600px){.uni-newsletter-toast--container{flex-wrap:nowrap!important}}.uni-newsletter-toast__info{align-self:center;display:flex}.uni-newsletter-toast__buttons{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start}@media screen and (min-width:600px){.uni-newsletter-toast__buttons{justify-content:flex-end}}.uni-newsletter-toast__cta{border:0;border-radius:4px;cursor:pointer;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:16px;margin-top:16px}@media screen and (min-width:600px){.uni-newsletter-toast__cta{margin-top:0}}.uni-newsletter-toast__cta--sub{background-color:#1a73e8;color:#fff;margin-right:16px;padding:13px 24px 11px}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.uni-newsletter-toast__cta--sub{margin-right:8px}}@media screen and (min-width:1100px){.uni-newsletter-toast__cta--sub{margin-right:16px}}.uni-newsletter-toast__cta--sub:hover{background-color:#185abc}.uni-newsletter-toast__cta--sub:focus{background-color:#185abc;box-shadow:0 0 0 2px #aecbfa;color:#fff;outline:0}.uni-newsletter-toast__cta--sub:active{background-color:#185abc}.uni-newsletter-toast__cta--no{background-color:#fff;box-sizing:border-box;color:#1a73e8;padding:13px 12px 11px;width:105px}.uni-newsletter-toast__cta--no:hover{background-color:#f4f8ff}.uni-newsletter-toast__cta--no:focus{background-color:#f4f8fe;outline:0}.uni-newsletter-toast__cta--no:active{background-color:#e8f0fe}.uni-newsletter-toast__img{display:none;height:32px;margin-right:20px;width:32px}.uni-newsletter-toast__img img{width:100%}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.uni-newsletter-toast__img{align-self:baseline;display:flex}}.uni-newsletter-toast__text{align-self:flex-end;color:#202124;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:18px;line-height:28px}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.uni-newsletter-toast__text{align-self:center;font-size:18px}}@media screen and (min-width:1100px){.uni-newsletter-toast__text{font-size:24px}}a:visited.uni-newsletter-toast__cta--sub{color:#fff}.article-container .article-module.uni-article-video,.uni-article-video{margin-inline:auto;width:100%}.article-video-special{container-type:inline-size}.uni-article-wrapper .article-video-special{padding:0}.article-video-special__container{grid-column-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}@media(min-width:600px){.article-video-special__container{grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-video-special__container{grid-column-gap:24px;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}.article-video-special__container .article-module{grid-column:1/-1}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-video-special__container .article-module{grid-column:2/span 10}}.article-container .article-module.uni-article-video,.uni-article-video{overflow:visible;position:relative}.article-container .article-module.uni-article-video .h-c-video__play,.uni-article-video .h-c-video__play{z-index:0}.article-container .article-module.uni-article-video--hero,.uni-article-video--hero{grid-column:1/-1;margin-top:0;max-width:100%}.article-container .article-module.uni-article-video--hero figure,.uni-article-video--hero figure{margin:0 auto;max-width:1062px;width:100%}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-container .article-module.uni-article-video--hero,.uni-article-video--hero{grid-column:2/span 10}}.article-container .article-module.uni-article-video--body,.uni-article-video--body{grid-column:1/-1;margin-bottom:48px!important;margin-top:16px!important}@media(min-width:600px){.article-container .article-module.uni-article-video--body,.uni-article-video--body{margin-top:24px!important}}@media(min-width:1024px){.article-container .article-module.uni-article-video--body,.uni-article-video--body{margin-bottom:60px!important;margin-top:36px!important}}.article-container .article-module.uni-article-video--body .article-container .article-module.uni-article-video__aspect-image,.article-container .article-module.uni-article-video--body .uni-article-video,.uni-article-video--body .article-container .article-module.uni-article-video__aspect-image,.uni-article-video--body .uni-article-video{margin:0 auto 60px;max-width:1060px}.article-container .article-module.uni-article-video__embed-container>iframe,.uni-article-video__embed-container>iframe{border-radius:8px}.article-container .article-module.uni-article-video.article-module,.uni-article-video.article-module{overflow:visible}.uni-article-video__aspect-image{padding-top:56.25%;position:relative}.uni-article-video__aspect-image img{border-radius:8px;display:block;object-fit:cover;object-position:center;z-index:1}.uni-article-video__aspect-image .uni-article-video__dimmer{background:rgba(0,0,0,.3);border-radius:8px;height:100%;left:0;opacity:0;position:absolute;top:0;transition:opacity .25s ease-in-out;width:100%;z-index:2}.uni-article-video__aspect-image .uni-article-video__icon-wrapper{display:flex}.uni-article-video__aspect-image .uni-article-video__shorts-play-button{display:none}.uni-article-video__aspect-image .uni-article-video__play-button,.uni-article-video__aspect-image .uni-article-video__play-button--active{display:block;height:45px;left:50%;margin:-31px -32px 0;position:absolute;top:50%;transition:opacity .25s ease-in-out;width:64px;z-index:2}.uni-article-video__aspect-image .uni-article-video__play-button{fill:#fff;opacity:0}.uni-article-video__aspect-image .uni-article-video__play-button--active{fill:red}@media(min-width:1024px){.h-c-video .uni-article-video__aspect-image .uni-article-video__dimmer,.h-c-video .uni-article-video__aspect-image .uni-article-video__play-button{opacity:1}.h-c-video .uni-article-video__aspect-image .uni-article-video__play-button--active,.h-c-video:hover .uni-article-video__aspect-image .uni-article-video__dimmer,.h-c-video:hover .uni-article-video__aspect-image .uni-article-video__play-button{opacity:0}.h-c-video:hover .uni-article-video__aspect-image .uni-article-video__play-button--active{opacity:1}}.uni-article-video__duration{align-items:center;background:rgba(32,33,36,.8);border-radius:12px;display:flex;flex-flow:row nowrap;height:24px;justify-content:flex-start;left:50%;margin-top:52px;padding:2px 8px;position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);z-index:2}.uni-article-video__duration-icon{fill:#fff;height:14px;margin-right:8px;width:14px}.uni-article-video__duration-time{color:#fff;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:14px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:.5px;line-height:20px}.uni-article-video__duration.loading,.uni-pull-quote__author:before{display:none}.uni-article-video__caption{margin-top:36px}.uni-article-video__caption--subtitle,.uni-article-video__caption--title{margin-bottom:24px}.uni-article-video__caption-hero{font-size:14px;line-height:24px;margin-top:8px;text-align:right}.uni-article-video__embed-container{height:0;max-width:100%;padding-bottom:56.25%;position:relative}.uni-article-video__embed-container.hidden{opacity:0;pointer-events:none;visibility:hidden}.uni-article-video__aspect-image img,.uni-article-video__embed-container embed,.uni-article-video__embed-container iframe,.uni-article-video__embed-container object{height:100%;left:0;position:absolute;top:0;width:100%}.uni-article-video__video:focus,.uni-article-video__video:focus-visible,.uni-article-video__video:focus-within{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:4px}.uni-article-video__custom-wrapper{all:unset;cursor:pointer;left:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:0}.uni-article-video__custom-wrapper.h-c-video:focus:after{border:0}.uni-article-video__custom-wrapper.hidden{pointer-events:none;visibility:hidden}.uni-article-video__custom-wrapper.hidden .uni-article-video__aspect-image{opacity:0}.uni-article-video__custom-wrapper.focus-visible,.uni-article-video__custom-wrapper:focus{background:0 0;border-radius:2px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:4px}.uni-pull-quote{margin-block-end:60px;margin-inline:auto;max-width:726px}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-pull-quote{margin-block-end:80px}}.uni-pull-quote__wrapper{margin-inline:36px}.uni-pull-quote__author{margin-top:36px}.uni-pull-quote--pull-style{border-block:1px solid #e8eaed;padding-block:36px}.uni-pull-quote--block-style{border-inline-start:4px solid #1a73e8;padding-block:24px}.uni-related-articles-cards{margin:auto;max-width:1920px;padding-bottom:10px;position:relative}.uni-related-articles-cards .uni-related-articles-grid-title .uni-related-articles-grid-wrapper{grid-column-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}@media(min-width:600px){.uni-related-articles-cards .uni-related-articles-grid-title .uni-related-articles-grid-wrapper{grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards .uni-related-articles-grid-title .uni-related-articles-grid-wrapper{grid-column-gap:24px;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr))}}.uni-related-articles-cards__title{grid-column:1/-1;margin-bottom:0}.uni-related-articles-cards__title-content{color:#202124;font-size:24px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:0;line-height:32px;margin:auto;padding:36px 0;text-align:center;width:100%}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards__title-content{font-size:36px;letter-spacing:-.25px;line-height:44px}}@media(min-width:768px){.uni-related-articles-cards__title-content{max-width:464px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards__title-content{max-width:726px;padding:48px 0}.uni-related-articles-cards__title{grid-column:2/span 10}}.uni-related-articles-cards__track{overflow:hidden;width:100%;z-index:2}.uni-related-articles-cards__wrap{-ms-overflow-style:none;display:flex;margin:0 auto;overflow:auto;position:relative;scroll-behavior:smooth;scrollbar-width:none;width:100%}.uni-related-articles-cards__wrap::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}.uni-related-articles-cards__arrow{background:0 0;border:0;display:none;padding:0;position:absolute;top:50%;z-index:3}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards__arrow{display:inline-block;height:68px;opacity:1;padding:3px;transition:visibility .2s,opacity .2s ease-in-out;visibility:visible;width:68px}}.uni-related-articles-cards__arrow:before{background:#fff;border-radius:50%;content:"";display:block;height:100%;left:0;opacity:.8;width:100%}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards__arrow:hover:before{background:#fff;box-shadow:0 2px 4px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.12);opacity:1}.uni-related-articles-cards__arrow:focus:before{background:0 0;background:#fff;border-radius:50%;opacity:1;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}}.uni-related-articles-cards__arrow:focus{border:0;outline:0}.uni-related-articles-cards__arrow--fig{border-bottom:2px solid #414141;border-right:2px solid #414141;height:18px;position:absolute;top:25px;width:18px}.uni-related-articles-cards__arrow--next{right:60px}.uni-related-articles-cards__arrow--next .uni-related-articles-cards__arrow--fig{right:calc(50% - 5px);transform:rotate(-45deg);transition:right .5s}.uni-related-articles-cards__arrow--prev{left:60px}.uni-related-articles-cards__arrow--prev .uni-related-articles-cards__arrow--fig{left:calc(50% - 5px);transform:rotate(135deg);transition:left .5s}.uni-related-articles-cards__arrow.hide{opacity:0;pointer-events:none;visibility:hidden}.uni-related-articles-cards__pagination{align-items:center;border:0;display:flex;justify-content:center;margin:14px auto 0;padding:0;text-align:center;width:100%}.uni-related-articles-cards__dot{background:0 0;border:0;border-radius:50%;cursor:pointer;display:block;font:inherit;height:18px;outline:0;padding:22px;position:relative;text-indent:-9999px;transition:all .2s ease-in-out;width:18px}.uni-related-articles-cards__dot:focus{background:#f1f3f4;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.uni-related-articles-cards__dot:hover{box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(54,64,67,.3),0 4px 8px 3px rgba(54,64,67,.3)}.uni-related-articles-cards__dot:before{border:2px solid #202124;border-radius:50%;content:"";display:block;height:10px;left:50%;position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translate3d(-50%,-50%,0);width:10px}.uni-related-articles-cards__dot[aria-selected=true]:before{background:#202124}.uni-related-articles-cards__dot-text{clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);height:1px;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;width:1px}.uni-related-articles-cards__item{border:1px solid #dadce0;border-radius:8px;display:flex;flex:0 0 280px;list-style:none;margin:4px 8px 20px;max-width:100%;position:relative;transition:all .5s ease;vertical-align:top;width:280px}.uni-related-articles-cards__item:first-child{margin-left:calc(50% - 28vw)}.uni-related-articles-cards__item::-moz-selection{outline:0}.uni-related-articles-cards__item::selection{outline:0}@media screen and (min-width:600px){.uni-related-articles-cards__item:first-child{margin-left:calc(50% - 290px)}}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards__item{flex:0 0 484px;margin:10px 20px 20px;transition:all .5s ease;width:484px}.uni-related-articles-cards__item:first-child{margin-left:calc(50% - 504px)}.uni-related-articles-cards__item:hover:not(.focused){box-shadow:0 2px 3px 0 rgba(60,64,67,.15),0 6px 10px 4px rgba(60,64,67,.15)}}.uni-related-articles-cards__item--placeholder{border:0;display:flex;flex:1 0 20%;list-style:none;margin:10px;min-width:20%;position:relative;visibility:hidden}.uni-related-articles-cards__item--placeholder:hover{pointer-events:none}.uni-related-articles-cards__item--placeholder:before{content:""}@media screen and (min-width:600px){.uni-related-articles-cards__item--placeholder{flex:1 0 40%;min-width:40%}}.uni-related-articles-cards__item--abstract .uni-related-articles-cards__link{padding-top:48px}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards__item--abstract .uni-related-articles-cards__link{padding-top:83px}}.uni-related-articles-cards__item-top-info,ui-carousel-slide{width:100%}.uni-related-articles-cards__item:hover .uni-related-articles-cards__item-arrow{fill:#3367d6;inset-inline-end:20px}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards__item:hover .uni-related-articles-cards__item-arrow{inset-inline-end:36px}}.related-content-tout__wrapper:hover .related-content-tout__image-container img,.uni-related-articles-cards__item:hover .uni-related-articles-cards__img img{transform:scale(1.03)}.uni-related-articles-cards__img{height:120px;margin-bottom:21px;overflow:hidden}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards__img{height:208px;margin-bottom:34px}}.uni-related-articles-cards__img img{border-top-left-radius:6px;border-top-right-radius:6px;transition:transform .1s ease-in;width:100%}.uni-related-articles-cards__link{-webkit-focus-ring-color:transparent!important;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:rgba(0,0,0,0)!important;border-radius:8px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100%;justify-content:space-between;min-height:338px;overflow:hidden;width:100%}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards__link{min-height:440px}}.uni-related-articles-cards__link:visited{color:#414141}.uni-related-articles-cards__link:focus,.uni-related-articles-cards__link:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:8px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.uni-related-articles-cards__link:active{background:0 0;border:0;outline:0}.uni-related-articles-cards__link::-moz-selection{outline:0}.uni-related-articles-cards__link::selection{outline:0}.uni-related-articles-cards__category{display:block;line-height:44px;padding:0 24px}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards__category{padding:0 40px}}.uni-related-articles-cards__headline{-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2;color:#202124;display:-webkit-box;font-size:1.1111111111rem;line-height:26px;margin-bottom:12px;overflow:hidden;padding:0 24px;text-align:left;text-overflow:ellipsis}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards__headline{font-size:1.2222222222rem;line-height:30px;padding:0 40px}}.uni-related-articles-cards__abstract{color:#414141;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:.6666666667rem;font-weight:400;line-height:18px;margin-bottom:50px;overflow:hidden;padding:0 24px 40px}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards__abstract{font-size:.8888888889rem;line-height:26px;margin-bottom:99px;padding:0 40px}}.uni-related-articles-cards__info{color:#414141;font-family:Google Sans,roboto,arial,helvetica;font-family:var(--google-font-family);font-size:.7777777778rem;line-height:20px;padding:0 24px 24px}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards__info{bottom:40px;display:inline-block;font-size:.8888888889rem;max-width:462px;padding:0 40px 40px}}.uni-related-articles-cards__author{display:none}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards__author{display:inline-block}.uni-related-articles-cards__author:not(:only-child):after{content:"-";margin:0 2px}}.uni-related-articles-cards__date{display:inline-block;margin:0 2px}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards__date{margin:0}}.uni-related-articles-cards__item-arrow{fill:#212121;bottom:24px;height:18px;inset-inline-end:24px;inset-inline-start:auto;position:absolute;transition:inset-inline-end .1s ease-in;width:18px}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-related-articles-cards__item-arrow{bottom:40px;inset-inline-end:40px}}.uni-related-articles-cards__item-arrow *{pointer-events:none}.related-content-tout{background-color:#f6f9fe;border-radius:16px;margin-inline:auto;padding-block:24px;padding-inline:24px;position:relative}.related-content-tout--max-width{max-width:464px}@media(min-width:1024px){.related-content-tout--max-width{max-width:618px}}.related-content-tout__wrapper{display:block}.related-content-tout__wrapper:hover .related-content-tout__title{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline}.related-content-tout__wrapper:hover .related-content-tout__cta{background-color:#f6f9fe;border-color:#1a73e8;color:#174ea6}.related-content-tout__wrapper:active,.related-content-tout__wrapper:focus{background:0 0;border-radius:4px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:24px}.related-content-tout__eyebrow{color:#202124;margin-bottom:16px}.related-content-tout__image-container{aspect-ratio:16/9;margin-bottom:24px;margin-inline:auto;margin-top:0;width:100%}@media(min-width:1024px){.related-content-tout__image-container{align-self:center;margin-bottom:0}}.related-content-tout__image-container img{height:100%;object-fit:cover;transition:transform .2s;width:100%}@media(min-width:1024px){.related-content-tout__image-container img{border-radius:8px}}.related-content-tout__content-wrapper{display:flex;flex-direction:column}@media(min-width:1024px){.related-content-tout__content-wrapper{grid-column-gap:16px;grid-row-gap:16px;align-items:center;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));row-gap:16px}}@media(min-width:1024px)and (min-width:600px){.related-content-tout__content-wrapper{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media(min-width:1024px)and (min-width:1024px){.related-content-tout__content-wrapper{grid-column-gap:24px;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}}.related-content-tout__text{color:#5f6368;margin-bottom:16px;margin-top:8px}@media(min-width:1024px){.related-content-tout__text{margin-bottom:0}}.related-content-tout__cta{grid-row:2;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content}.related-content-tout__title{margin-bottom:0}.image-full-width__media-asset--mp4:has(video[data-is-playing=true])~.reduce-motion-helper-video .reduce-motion-helper-video__button .playIcon,a:has(video[data-is-playing=true])~.reduce-motion-helper-video .reduce-motion-helper-video__button .playIcon{display:none}.image-full-width__media-asset--mp4:has(video[data-is-playing=true])~.reduce-motion-helper-video .reduce-motion-helper-video__button .pauseIcon,a:has(video[data-is-playing=true])~.reduce-motion-helper-video .reduce-motion-helper-video__button .pauseIcon{display:flex}.image-full-width:has(.reduce-motion-helper-video){position:relative}.uni-search-bar__icon svg{fill:#5f6368}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark)and (forced-colors:active){.uni-search-bar__icon svg{fill:ButtonText}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark)and (prefers-contrast:forced){.uni-search-bar__icon svg{fill:ButtonText}}.uni-search-bar__icon:before{background:0 0;border-radius:50%;content:"";height:0;inset-inline-start:50%;position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);transition:width .2s,height .2s,background .2s;width:0;z-index:-1}.uni-search-bar__icon:focus,.uni-search-bar__icon:hover{outline:0}.uni-search-bar__icon:focus:before,.uni-search-bar__icon:hover:before{background:#e0e0e0;height:40px;width:40px}.uni-search-bar__icon:focus svg,.uni-search-bar__icon:hover svg{fill:#000}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark)and (forced-colors:active){.uni-search-bar__icon:focus,.uni-search-bar__icon:hover{border:2px solid Highlight;border-radius:4px}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark)and (prefers-contrast:forced){.uni-search-bar__icon:focus,.uni-search-bar__icon:hover{border:2px solid Highlight;border-radius:4px}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark)and (forced-colors:active){.uni-search-bar__icon:focus svg,.uni-search-bar__icon:hover svg{fill:ButtonText}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark)and (prefers-contrast:forced){.uni-search-bar__icon:focus svg,.uni-search-bar__icon:hover svg{fill:ButtonText}}.uni-search-bar{--search-box-inline-margin:12px;align-items:center;display:flex;flex:1 1 auto;height:100%;justify-content:flex-end}.uni-search-bar__container[hidden],.uni-search-bar__kebab{display:none}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-search-bar__kebab{display:block}.uni-search-bar{gap:8px;margin-inline-end:16px}}.uni-search-bar__language-picker-icon{align-items:center;display:flex;height:100%;justify-content:center;position:absolute;width:100%}.uni-search-bar__language-picker-select-slot{height:100%;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;width:100%}.uni-search-bar__focus-trap{border:0;height:0;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:0}.uni-search-bar__container{height:100%;left:0;padding-block:8px;position:absolute;width:100%;z-index:10}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-search-bar__container{position:relative}}.uni-search-bar__box{background-color:#f8f9fa;border-radius:8px;box-shadow:0 1px 4px 0 rgba(60,64,67,.25),0 1px 2px 0 rgba(60,64,67,.3);display:block;padding-inline:16px}@media(min-width:768px){.uni-search-bar__box{padding-inline:24px}}.uni-search-bar__form{align-items:flex-start;border-bottom:1px solid #dadce0;display:flex;height:56px;width:100%}.uni-search-bar__cta--search{order:-1}.uni-search-bar__input{background-color:transparent;border:0;height:48px;padding:10px;padding-block:0;padding-inline:8px;width:100%}.uni-search-bar__input[type=search]{box-sizing:border-box}.uni-search-bar__input:focus{background-color:#f8f9fa;border:0;outline:0}.ui-carousel__arrow:focus:not(:focus-visible):not(:active),.ui-carousel__navigation-button:focus:not(:focus-visible):not(:active),.uni-search-bar__icon:focus:not(:focus-visible),.uni-search-bar__input:focus:not(.focus-visible){outline:0}.uni-search-bar__suggested-searches{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.uni-search-bar__suggested-searches-container{padding-block:24px}.uni-search-bar__suggested-searches-title{align-items:center;display:flex;gap:8px;justify-content:flex-start;margin-bottom:16px;margin-top:24px}.uni-search-bar__icon{align-items:center;background:0 0;border:0;display:flex;flex-shrink:0;height:48px;justify-content:center;padding-inline:10px;position:relative;width:48px}.uni-search-bar__icon:has(select:focus-visible){background:0 0;border-radius:48px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:-4px}.uni-search-bar__icon:has(select:focus-visible):before{background:#e0e0e0;height:40px;width:40px}.uni-search-bar__icon--kebab{display:none}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-search-bar__icon--kebab{display:flex}}.uni-search-bar__icon svg{position:relative}@media(min-width:1024px){.uni-search-bar__icon svg{height:24px;width:24px}}.uni-search-bar__icon:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:48px;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:-4px}.uni-search-bar .uni-picker{opacity:0}.slide-in-from-right{animation:slideInFromRight .35s}div:has(iframe[title*=recaptcha]){box-shadow:0 4px 8px 3px rgba(60,64,67,.15),0 1px 3px 0 rgba(60,64,67,.3);top:16px!important}.uni-tag a{align-items:center;background-color:#e8f0fe;border:0;border-radius:48px;color:#174ea6;display:flex;height:48px;justify-content:center;min-width:48px;padding-inline:16px;transition:background-color .2s ease-in-out,color .2s ease-in-out}.uni-tag a span{-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;display:-webkit-box;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.uni-tag a:hover{background-color:#1a73e8;color:#fff}.uni-tag a:focus{background:0 0;background-color:#e8f0fe;border-radius:48px;color:#174ea6;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.uni-tag a:disabled{background-color:#f8f9fa;border:0;color:#3c4043;pointer-events:none}.tombstone{background-color:#4285f4;content:"";display:inline-block;height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.ui-carousel{--slide-gap:24px;--carousel-offset:7px;--arrow-width:48px;--arrow-margin:24px;display:block;margin-inline:auto;max-width:726px;position:relative;width:100%}.ui-carousel__slider{box-sizing:border-box;cursor:grab;display:flex;gap:var(--slide-gap);margin:calc(var(--carousel-offset)*-1);overflow-x:auto;padding:var(--carousel-offset);position:relative;scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-snap-type:x mandatory;scrollbar-width:none;width:calc(100% + var(--carousel-offset)*2);z-index:1}.ui-carousel__slider::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}.ui-carousel__slider:focus,.ui-carousel__slider:focus-visible{outline:0}.ui-carousel__slide{display:flex;flex:0 0 calc(100% + var(--carousel-offset)*2);flex:0 0 calc((100% - var(--slide-gap, 24px)*(var(--slides-per-view, 1) - 1))/var(--slides-per-view, 1) + var(--carousel-offset)*2);justify-content:center;max-width:calc(100% + var(--carousel-offset)*2);min-width:0;padding-inline:0;padding-inline:var(--carousel-offset,0);scroll-snap-align:start}.ui-carousel__arrow{align-items:center;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;background-color:#fff;border:0;border-radius:50%;box-shadow:0 1px 2px 0 rgba(60,64,67,.3),0 2px 6px 2px rgba(60,64,67,.15);color:#202124;cursor:pointer;display:none;height:48px;inset-inline-end:auto;inset-inline-start:auto;justify-content:center;outline:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:var(--arrow-top-position);transform:translateY(-50%);width:48px;z-index:2}@media(min-width:1024px){.ui-carousel__arrow{display:flex}}.ui-carousel__arrow--next{inset-inline-end:calc((var(--arrow-width) + var(--arrow-margin))*-1)}.ui-carousel__arrow--previous{inset-inline-start:calc((var(--arrow-width) + var(--arrow-margin))*-1)}.ui-carousel__arrow--previous svg{transform:scale(-1)}.ui-carousel__arrow:disabled{display:none}.ui-carousel__arrow:focus-visible{background:0 0;border-radius:50%;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.ui-carousel__arrow:hover:not(:disabled){box-shadow:0 6px 10px 4px rgba(60,64,67,.15),0 2px 3px 0 rgba(60,64,67,.3)}.ui-carousel__arrow:active{background:0 0;background-color:#fff;border-radius:50%;outline:1px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.ui-carousel__arrow svg{height:24px;margin:0 auto;position:relative;width:24px}.ui-carousel__navigation{display:flex;flex-flow:wrap;justify-content:center;margin-top:8px;position:relative}.ui-carousel__navigation-button{background:0 0;border:0;border-radius:50%;cursor:pointer;display:block;flex-shrink:0;font:inherit;height:48px;outline:0;padding:0;position:relative;text-indent:-9999px;transition:all .2s ease-in-out;width:48px}.ui-carousel__navigation-button:focus-visible{background:0 0;background:#f8f9fa;border-radius:50%;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.ui-carousel__navigation-button:hover{background:#fff;box-shadow:0 4px 8px 3px rgba(60,64,67,.15),0 1px 3px 0 rgba(60,64,67,.3)}.ui-carousel__navigation-button:active{background:0 0;border-radius:50%;outline:2px solid #174ea6;outline-offset:0}.ui-carousel__navigation-button:before{border:1px solid #202124;border-radius:50%;content:"";display:block;height:12px;left:50%;position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translate3d(-50%,-50%,0);width:12px}.ui-carousel__navigation-button--active:before{background:#202124}.ui-carousel-slide{display:flex;flex-flow:column;gap:8px}.ui-carousel-slide--background .ui-carousel-slide__component-background{background-color:#f6f9fe;border-radius:8px}.ui-carousel-slide__body{direction:ltr;text-align:center}.ui-carousel-slide__headline{font-weight:700}.ui-carousel-slide__description [data-description-slot]{display:none}.ui-carousel-slide__description:focus-visible{outline:0}.ui-carousel-slide__read-more{background:0 0;border:0;color:#1a73e8;display:inline;margin:0;padding:0}.ui-carousel-slide__read-more-wrapper{display:none}.ui-carousel-slide__disclaimer{margin-top:8px}.ui-carousel-slide__component{aspect-ratio:4/3}.ui-carousel-slide__component [slot=content-block]{height:100%;width:100%}.ui-carousel-slide__component img{-webkit-user-drag:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none}.ui-carousel-slide__component uni-image-full-width{display:block;height:100%;width:100%}.ui-carousel-slide__component uni-image-full-width .image-full-width{height:100%;margin:0;width:100%}.ui-carousel-slide__component uni-image-full-width .image-full-width__media-asset{align-items:center;border-radius:0;display:flex;height:100%;justify-content:center;width:100%}.ui-carousel-slide__component uni-image-full-width .image-full-width__media-asset img{object-fit:contain}.ui-carousel-slide__component uni-video-player:not([autoplay]){height:auto;width:100%}.ui-carousel-slide__component uni-video-player .uni-video-player{display:flex}.ui-carousel-slide__component uni-youtube-player-article .article-video-special{height:100%}.ui-carousel-slide__component uni-youtube-player-article .article-video-special__container{align-items:center;display:flex;height:100%}.ui-carousel-slide__component uni-youtube-player-article .article-module.uni-article-video--body{margin:0!important}.ui-carousel-slide__component uni-youtube-player-article .uni-article-video__aspect-image{aspect-ratio:16/9;padding:0}.ui-carousel-slide__component uni-youtube-player-article .uni-article-video__aspect-image img{height:100%;position:relative;width:100%}.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player{margin:0;max-width:none}.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player__slide-wrapper{align-items:center;display:flex;height:100%;justify-content:center;padding-inline:16px}@media(min-width:1024px){.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player__slide-wrapper{padding-inline:80px}}.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player__container{padding-bottom:24px;padding-top:24px}.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player__pause,.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player__preview-play{height:48px;width:102px}@media(min-width:600px){.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player__pause,.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player__preview-play{width:48px}}.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player__text-content{grid-template-columns:48px 1fr;grid-template-rows:48px 1fr}.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player__content{display:flex;flex-direction:column;row-gap:8px}.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player__content--title,.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player__content-description,.ui-carousel-slide__component .uni-pull-quote__author .uni-author-name{-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2;display:-webkit-box;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}@media(min-width:768px){.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player__content-description{-webkit-line-clamp:unset;display:block;overflow:visible}}.ui-carousel-slide__component .audio-player__volume-content{flex-shrink:0}.not-found-404__subheading p,.ui-carousel-slide__component .uni-pull-quote{margin:0}.ui-carousel-slide__component .uni-pull-quote__slide-wrapper{align-items:center;display:flex;height:100%;justify-content:center;padding-block:16px;padding-inline:16px}@media(min-width:1024px){.ui-carousel-slide__component .uni-pull-quote__slide-wrapper{padding-inline:80px}}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.ui-carousel-slide__component .uni-pull-quote__wrapper{margin-inline:16px}.ui-carousel-slide__component .uni-pull-quote__text{-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:4;display:-webkit-box;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}}.ui-carousel-slide__component .uni-pull-quote--block-style,.ui-carousel-slide__component .uni-pull-quote--pull-style{padding-block:16px}@media(min-width:768px){.ui-carousel-slide__component .uni-pull-quote--block-style,.ui-carousel-slide__component .uni-pull-quote--pull-style{padding-block:24px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.ui-carousel-slide__component .uni-pull-quote--block-style,.ui-carousel-slide__component .uni-pull-quote--pull-style{padding-block:36px}}.ui-carousel-slide__component .uni-pull-quote__author{margin-top:16px}@media(min-width:1024px){.ui-carousel-slide__component .uni-pull-quote__author{margin-top:36px}}.ui-carousel-slide__component .uni-pull-quote__author .uni-author-name{-webkit-line-clamp:1}@media(min-width:1024px){.ui-carousel-slide__component .uni-pull-quote__author .uni-author-name{-webkit-line-clamp:unset;display:block;overflow:visible}}.ui-carousel-slide__component:not(.ui-carousel-slide__component--aspect-ratio-vertical) .audio-player:has(.audio-player__time-bar--visible) .audio-player__content p{display:none}@media(min-width:768px){.ui-carousel-slide__component:not(.ui-carousel-slide__component--aspect-ratio-vertical) .audio-player:has(.audio-player__time-bar--visible) .audio-player__content p{display:block}}.ui-carousel-slide__component:not(.ui-carousel-slide__component--aspect-ratio-vertical) .reduce-motion-helper-video__controls{inset-block-end:8vw}@media(min-width:1024px){.ui-carousel-slide__component:not(.ui-carousel-slide__component--aspect-ratio-vertical) .reduce-motion-helper-video__controls{inset-block-end:8px}}.uni-video-player{direction:ltr;height:100%;overflow:hidden;position:relative}.uni-video-player__loading-spinner{height:100%;left:0;position:absolute;top:0;width:100%}.uni-video-player__loading-spinner,.uni-video-player__loading-spinner span{align-items:center;display:flex;justify-content:center}.uni-video-player:hover .uni-video-player__button--main{opacity:1}.uni-window{opacity:0}.uni-window-popup{align-items:flex-end;background:rgba(0,0,0,.11);border:0;display:flex;height:100%;opacity:1;position:fixed;visibility:hidden;width:100%;z-index:2}.uni-window-popup__content{background:#fff;border:0;border-radius:4px;bottom:0;box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(54,64,67,.3),0 1px 3px 1px rgba(54,64,67,.3);height:var(--content-height);overflow-y:auto;position:relative;width:100%}.uni-window__close{background:#fff;border:0;display:block;padding:16px 16px 8px;position:absolute;right:0;top:0}@media screen and (min-width:1025px){.uni-window__close{display:none}}.uni-window__close svg{height:24px;width:24px}.uni-window__read{background:#fff;border:0;display:none;font-size:16px;font-weight:400;line-height:26px;padding:20px 0 0}.not-found-404__header{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:24px;margin-inline:auto;padding-bottom:92px;padding-top:136px;text-align:center}@media(min-width:1024px){.not-found-404__header{max-width:1046px;padding-bottom:120px;padding-top:180px}}.not-found-404__subheading a:link,.not-found-404__subheading a:visited{color:#1a73e8}.not-found-404__subheading a:hover{color:#174ea6}.not-found-404__subheading a:active{color:#1a73e8}.not-found-404__search{margin-inline:0;padding-bottom:60px}@media(min-width:1024px){.not-found-404__search{padding-bottom:80px}}@media(min-width:768px){.not-found-404__search{margin-inline:60px}}@media(min-width:1024px){.not-found-404__search{margin-inline:auto;max-width:1046px}}</style>
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin>
<link class="deferred-stylesheet" rel="preload" type="text/css" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Noto+Color+Emoji&display=swap" as="style">
<noscript>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Noto+Color+Emoji&display=swap">
</noscript>
<link class="deferred-stylesheet" rel="preload" type="text/css" href="/static/keyword/css/blog/index.min.css?version=pr20260415-1638" as="style">
<noscript>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/keyword/css/blog/index.min.css?version=pr20260415-1638">
</noscript>
<link class="deferred-stylesheet" rel="preload" type="text/css" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Google+Sans:400,500,600,700|Product+Sans:400&amp;display=swap&amp;lang=en" as="style">
<noscript>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Google+Sans:400,500,600,700|Product+Sans:400&amp;display=swap&amp;lang=en">
</noscript>
<link class="deferred-stylesheet" rel="preload" type="text/css" href="https://www.gstatic.com/glue/cookienotificationbar/cookienotificationbar.min.css" as="style">
<noscript>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.gstatic.com/glue/cookienotificationbar/cookienotificationbar.min.css">
</noscript>
<script>
document.querySelectorAll('.deferred-stylesheet').forEach(function(link) {
function enableStylesheet() {
if (link.rel !== 'stylesheet') {
link.rel = 'stylesheet';
}
}
// Attach the normal load-listener
link.addEventListener('load', enableStylesheet);
// Safely check if Performance API is supported
if (window.performance && typeof performance.getEntriesByType === 'function') {
// Check the Performance entries buffer for a matching URL
const url = link.href;
const alreadyFetched = performance
.getEntriesByType('resource')
.some(entry => entry.name === url);
if (alreadyFetched) {
// Preload was fulfilled (from cache or just fast), so activate now
enableStylesheet();
}
}
});
</script>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/keyword/css/print/index.min.css?version=pr20260415-1638" media="print" />
<link rel="canonical" href="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/"/>
<link href="/favicon.ico" rel="icon">
<link href="/static/blogv2/images/apple-touch-icon.png?version=pr20260415-1638" rel="apple-touch-icon">
<meta property="gtm-tag" content="GTM-TRV24V">
<!-- https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Trusted_Types_API -->
<script>
let trustedTypePolicy = {
createHTML: (str) => str,
createScript: (str) => str,
createScriptURL: (url) => url
};
if (window.trustedTypes && window.trustedTypes.createPolicy) {
const safeScriptDomains = [
'blob:',
'/static/blogv2/',
'/static/keyword/',
'/static/youtube/',
'/static/blog_youtube/',
'//cdn.ampproject.org/',
'//googleads.g.doubleclick.net',
'//survey.g.doubleclick.net',
'//www.google-analytics.com/',
'//www.google.com',
'//www.googletagmanager.com',
'//www.gstatic.com',
'//www.youtube.com',
'//youtube.googleapis.com',
'//ssl.gstatic.com/trends_nrtr/'
];
const safeScripts = [
'google_tag_manager[""]',
'(function anonymous('
];
trustedTypePolicy = window.trustedTypes.createPolicy('default', {
/* Enable create HTML */
createHTML: (str) => {
return str
},
/* Enable script creation */
createScript: (str) => {
const safeScriptString = safeScripts.find(
(safeScript) => str.includes(safeScript)
);
if (!safeScriptString) {
console.warn(
`unsafe createScript: "${str}"`
);
}
return str;
},
/* Allow for safe domains only */
createScriptURL: (url) => {
const safeDomainsUrl = safeScriptDomains.find(
(safeDomain) => url.includes(safeDomain)
);
if (!safeDomainsUrl && !url.startsWith(window.location.origin)) {
console.warn(
`Unsafe createScriptURL: "${url}"`
);
}
return url;
},
});
}
window.trustedTypePolicy = trustedTypePolicy;
</script>
</head>
<body class="template-articlepage keyword-blog">
<noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TRV24V" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>
<div class="data-layer-init-data" data-ga4-analytics='
{
"event": "dataLayer_initialized",
"page_name": "Gemma 4: Our most capable open models to date",
"experiments": "undefined",
"locale": "en-us",
"page_type": "blogv2 | article page",
"primary_tag": "products - developer tools",
"secondary_tags": "Gemini models",
"landing_page_tags": "topics - gemini models",
"article_name": "Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models",
"author_name": "Clement Farabet, Olivier Lacombe",
"publish_date": "2026-04-02|16:00",
"hero_media": "image",
"special_hero": "undefined",
"days_since_published": "15",
"content_category": "Products - Developer tools",
"word_count": "long 600+",
"has_audio": "no",
"has_video": "yes"
}'>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
(function() {
var dataLayerInitElement = document.querySelector('.data-layer-init-data');
var dataLayerObject = JSON.parse(
dataLayerInitElement.getAttribute('data-ga4-analytics')
);
// Change undefined strings to primitive value undefined.
Object.entries(dataLayerObject).forEach(([key, value]) => {
dataLayerObject[key] = value === 'undefined' ? undefined : value;
});
if (!window['dataLayer']) {
window['dataLayer'] = [];
}
window['dataLayer'].push(dataLayerObject);
}());
</script>
<div class="surveys">
<uni-feedback-survey-controller>
<script
id="feedback-surveys-json"
type="application/json"
>
[{"model": "blogsurvey.survey", "pk": 17, "fields": {"name": "Article survey - level of detail - Jan 2026", "survey_id": "article-survey-level-of-detail-jan-2026_260127", "scroll_depth_trigger": 75, "previous_survey": null, "display_rate": 75, "participation_prompt": "Help us improve The Keyword with a one-question survey", "participation_prompt_disclaimer": "This survey is anonymous. All responses will be aggregated and used only for analysis to improve our services.", "thank_message": "Thank you!", "thank_emoji": "✅", "questions": "[{\"id\": \"28b29c1a-755e-4789-888f-12d0491a3e0a\", \"type\": \"simple_question\", \"value\": {\"question\": \"Did this article provide the level of detail you were looking for?\", \"responses\": [{\"id\": \"66f88e6a-4fa6-418f-ba13-31f3c1dda823\", \"type\": \"item\", \"value\": \"Yes, I got what I needed\"}, {\"id\": \"78927bfc-17be-4e0f-aacf-8a2f2a3d333d\", \"type\": \"item\", \"value\": \"No, I wanted more technical depth\"}, {\"id\": \"b685a5ac-bb2e-42eb-a1cb-ce64341b9c06\", \"type\": \"item\", \"value\": \"No, I wanted a simpler overview\"}, {\"id\": \"06e8f828-5dcf-4736-81fb-43c23e932d1b\", \"type\": \"item\", \"value\": \"I was looking for something else entirely\"}]}}]", "target_article_pages": true, "target_short_post_pages": false, "target_primary_only_tag": true}}]
</script>
</uni-feedback-survey-controller>
</div>
<div class="uni-header-content-pusher"></div>
<header class="uni-header h-u-box-shadow-2" data-component="uni-header">
<div class="uni-header__hamburguer-wrapper">
<button class="uni-header__hamburguer-button" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0" aria-label="Navigation menu">
<svg
class="h-c-header__hamburger-img h-c-header__hamburger-img--standard events-off"
role="presentation"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#h-burger"></use>
</svg>
</button>
</div>
<figure class="uni-header__logo-google" tabindex="-1">
<svg
aria-label="The Google logo"
role="img"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#h-color-google-logo"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
<div>
<a href="#jump-content" class="h-c-header__jump-to-content">
<span class="h-c-header__jump-to-content-text">Skip to main content</span>
</a>
</div>
<div class="uni-header__site-title"
data-analytics-module='{
"module_name": "main nav",
"section_header": "The Keyword"
}'>
<a href="/" class="uni-header__site-title-link">
<div>
The Keyword
</div>
</a>
</div>
<div class="uni-article-progress-bar slide-up" data-component="uni-progress-bar" role="none">
<div class="uni-article-progress-bar__title uni-article-progress-bar__ellipsis">Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models</div>
<div class="uni-article-progress-bar__social"
data-analytics-module='{
"module_name": "Progress Bar",
"section_header": "Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models"
}'
>
<div class ="uni-social-share " data-component="uni-social-share-dropdown">
<a class="uni-social-share__trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-label="Share" aria-expanded="false">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--color-text"
aria-hidden="true"
title="Share"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-share"></use>
</svg>
<div class="uni-social-share__button">Share</div>
</a>
<div class="uni-social-share__dialog uni-social-share__content " aria-labelledby="social-share-icon">
<a aria-label="Share on X"
class="article-share__link-text uni-click-tracker"
href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Gemma%204%3A%20Byte%20for%20byte%2C%20the%20most%20capable%20open%20models%20%40google&url=https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/"
target="_blank"
data-ga4-method="twitter">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--social h-c-icon--30px"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 30 30"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-x"></use>
</svg>
<div class="article-share__title">x.com</div>
</a>
<a aria-label="Share on Facebook"
class="article-share__link-text uni-click-tracker"
href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?caption=Gemma%204%3A%20Byte%20for%20byte%2C%20the%20most%20capable%20open%20models&u=https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/"
target="_blank"
data-ga4-method="facebook">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--social h-c-icon--30px"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 30 30"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-facebook"></use>
</svg>
<div class="article-share__title">Facebook</div>
</a>
<a aria-label="Share on LinkedIn"
class="article-share__link-text uni-click-tracker"
href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/&title=Gemma%204%3A%20Byte%20for%20byte%2C%20the%20most%20capable%20open%20models"
target="_blank"
data-ga4-method="linkedin">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--social h-c-icon--30px"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 30 30"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-linkedin"></use>
</svg>
<div class="article-share__title">LinkedIn</div>
</a>
<a aria-label="Share with Email"
class="article-share__link-text uni-click-tracker article-share__email"
href="mailto:?subject=Gemma%204%3A%20Byte%20for%20byte%2C%20the%20most%20capable%20open%20models&body=Check out this article on the Keyword:%0A%0AGemma%204%3A%20Byte%20for%20byte%2C%20the%20most%20capable%20open%20models%0A%0AGemma 4: our most intelligent open models to date, purpose-built for advanced reasoning and agentic workflows.%0A%0Ahttps://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/"
target="_blank"
data-ga4-method="email">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--social h-c-icon--30px"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 30 30"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-mail"></use>
</svg>
<div class="article-share__title">Mail</div>
</a>
<div class="copy-link uni-copy-share uni-click-tracker"
data-component="uni-copy-popup-component"
data-ga4-analytics-share-copy-link
data-ga4-method="Copy link">
<button class="copy-link__trigger copy-link__trigger-text"
data-ga4-method="Copy link"
title="Copy link">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--color-text"
role="presentation"
title="Copy link"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-link"></use>
</svg>
<div class="copy-link__title">Copy link</div>
</button>
<div class="copy-link__dialog copy-link__content" uni-options='{"copyTextButton": "COPIED TO CLIPBOARD"}' aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1">
<input class="h-c-copy copy-link__url" value="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/" id="copy-link" readonly="readonly" type="text"/>
<div class="copy-link__copy-message" role="status"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="uni-article-progress-bar__indicator hide-progress-bar"></div>
</div>
<nav class="uni-navigation uni-navigation--desktop"
role="navigation"
aria-label="Main"
data-analytics-module='{
"module_name": "main nav",
"section_header": "Desktop menu"
}'>
<div class="uni-navigation__list-desktop">
<ul id="uni-main-menu"
class="uni-main-menu"
data-component="uni-navigation">
<li data-has-subnav=""
class="uni-main-menu__item uni-main-menu__item--desktop inactive ">
<a href="/"
class="uni-main-menu__item-label "
role="button"
tabindex="0" >
Home
</a>
</li>
<li data-has-subnav="yes"
class="uni-main-menu__item uni-main-menu__item--desktop active has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__item-label has-submenu"
tabindex="0">
Innovation &amp; AI
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<div class="uni-main-menu__subnav uni-main-menu__subnav--desktop">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-title uni-main-menu__subnav-title--desktop">
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
Innovation &amp; AI
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-list">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--desktop has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--desktop">
Models &amp; Research
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--desktop">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/google-deepmind/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Google DeepMind
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/google-research/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Google Research
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/google-labs/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Google Labs
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/gemini-models/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Gemini models
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/quantum-computing/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Quantum computing
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Models &amp; Research">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--desktop has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--desktop">
Products
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--desktop">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Developer tools
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/products/gemini-app/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Gemini app
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/products/notebooklm/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
NotebookLM
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/products/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Products">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--desktop has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--desktop">
Infrastructure &amp; cloud
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--desktop">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/infrastructure-and-cloud/global-network/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Global network
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/infrastructure-and-cloud/google-cloud/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Google Cloud
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/infrastructure-and-cloud/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Infrastructure &amp; cloud">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="uni-main-menu__subnav-list">
<p class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-title">Learn more:</p>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-list">
<li class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-item">
<a href="https://deepmind.google/blog/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Google DeepMind blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-item">
<a href="https://research.google/blog/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Google Research blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-item">
<a href="https://developers.googleblog.com/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Google Developers blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-item">
<a href="https://cloud.google.com/blog" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Google Cloud blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="uni-main-menu__subnav-list">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-item uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span>See all AI updates</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon--see-all">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="h-c-page uni-main-menu__submenu-wrapper"
id="uni-navigation__item-1-2"
aria-expanded="false"
aria-hidden="true"
role="menu">
<ul class="uni-main-menu__submenu has-view-all">
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item"
role="group"
aria-labelledby="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-innovation-ai-1">
<span class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label"
id="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-innovation-ai-1">
Models &amp; Research
</span>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__submenu-links">
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/google-deepmind/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=innovation-ai
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Google DeepMind
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/google-research/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=innovation-ai
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Google Research
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/google-labs/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=innovation-ai
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Google Labs
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/gemini-models/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=innovation-ai
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Gemini models
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/quantum-computing/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=innovation-ai
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Quantum computing
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/"
data-navigation="Models &amp; Research"
role="menuitem"
title="See all Models &amp; Research articles"
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all">
See all
<svg id="mi-arrow-forward-no-bg" viewBox="0 0 32 32">
<polygon points="16,0 13.2,2.8 24.3,14 0,14 0,18 24.3,18 13.2,29.2 16,32 32,16"></polygon>
</svg>
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item"
role="group"
aria-labelledby="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-innovation-ai-2">
<span class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label"
id="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-innovation-ai-2">
Products
</span>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__submenu-links">
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=innovation-ai
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Developer tools
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/products/gemini-app/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=innovation-ai
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Gemini app
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/products/notebooklm/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=innovation-ai
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
NotebookLM
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/products/"
data-navigation="Products"
role="menuitem"
title="See all Products articles"
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all">
See all
<svg id="mi-arrow-forward-no-bg" viewBox="0 0 32 32">
<polygon points="16,0 13.2,2.8 24.3,14 0,14 0,18 24.3,18 13.2,29.2 16,32 32,16"></polygon>
</svg>
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item"
role="group"
aria-labelledby="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-innovation-ai-3">
<span class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label"
id="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-innovation-ai-3">
Infrastructure &amp; cloud
</span>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__submenu-links">
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/infrastructure-and-cloud/global-network/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=innovation-ai
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Global network
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/infrastructure-and-cloud/google-cloud/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=innovation-ai
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Google Cloud
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/infrastructure-and-cloud/"
data-navigation="Infrastructure &amp; cloud"
role="menuitem"
title="See all Infrastructure &amp; cloud articles"
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all">
See all
<svg id="mi-arrow-forward-no-bg" viewBox="0 0 32 32">
<polygon points="16,0 13.2,2.8 24.3,14 0,14 0,18 24.3,18 13.2,29.2 16,32 32,16"></polygon>
</svg>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="uni-main-menu__submenu-view-all">
<p class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-title">Learn more:</p>
<div class="uni-main-menu__learn-more">
<a href="https://deepmind.google/blog/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Google DeepMind blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
<a href="https://research.google/blog/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Google Research blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
<a href="https://developers.googleblog.com/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Google Developers blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
<a href="https://cloud.google.com/blog" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Google Cloud blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</div>
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__submenu-view-all-link">
See all AI updates
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon--see-all">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</div>
<button class="uni-main-menu__submenu-close" aria-label="Close Menu">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--24px uni-main-menu__submenu-close--icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#close_icon"></use>
</svg>
</button>
</div>
</li>
<li data-has-subnav="yes"
class="uni-main-menu__item uni-main-menu__item--desktop inactive has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__item-label has-submenu"
tabindex="0">
Products &amp; platforms
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<div class="uni-main-menu__subnav uni-main-menu__subnav--desktop">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-title uni-main-menu__subnav-title--desktop">
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
Products &amp; platforms
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-list">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--desktop has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--desktop">
Products
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--desktop">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/products/search/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Search
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/products/maps/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Maps
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/products/chrome/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Chrome
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/products/workspace/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Google Workspace
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/products/education/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Learning &amp; Education
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/products/photos/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Photos
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/products/shopping/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Shopping
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/products/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Products">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--desktop has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--desktop">
Platforms
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--desktop">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/platforms/android/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Android
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/platforms/google-play/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Google Play
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/platforms/wear-os/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Wear OS
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/platforms/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Platforms">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--desktop has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--desktop">
Devices
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--desktop">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/devices/pixel/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Pixel
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/devices/google-nest/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Google Nest
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/devices/fitbit/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Fitbit
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/devices/chromebooks/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Chromebooks
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/devices/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Devices">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="uni-main-menu__subnav-list">
<p class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-title">Learn more:</p>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-list">
<li class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-item">
<a href="https://blog.google/products/ads-commerce/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Google Ads &amp; Commerce blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-item">
<a href="https://blog.google/waze/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Waze blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="uni-main-menu__subnav-list">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-item uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span>See all product updates</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon--see-all">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="h-c-page uni-main-menu__submenu-wrapper"
id="uni-navigation__item-1-3"
aria-expanded="false"
aria-hidden="true"
role="menu">
<ul class="uni-main-menu__submenu has-view-all">
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item"
role="group"
aria-labelledby="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-products-platforms-1">
<span class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label"
id="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-products-platforms-1">
Products
</span>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__submenu-links">
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/products/search/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=products-platforms
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Search
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/products/maps/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=products-platforms
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Maps
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/products/chrome/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=products-platforms
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Chrome
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/products/workspace/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=products-platforms
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Google Workspace
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/products/education/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=products-platforms
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Learning &amp; Education
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/products/photos/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=products-platforms
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Photos
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/products/shopping/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=products-platforms
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Shopping
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<a href="/products-and-platforms/products/"
data-navigation="Products"
role="menuitem"
title="See all Products articles"
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all">
See all
<svg id="mi-arrow-forward-no-bg" viewBox="0 0 32 32">
<polygon points="16,0 13.2,2.8 24.3,14 0,14 0,18 24.3,18 13.2,29.2 16,32 32,16"></polygon>
</svg>
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item"
role="group"
aria-labelledby="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-products-platforms-2">
<span class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label"
id="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-products-platforms-2">
Platforms
</span>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__submenu-links">
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/platforms/android/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=products-platforms
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Android
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/platforms/google-play/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=products-platforms
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Google Play
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/platforms/wear-os/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=products-platforms
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Wear OS
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<a href="/products-and-platforms/platforms/"
data-navigation="Platforms"
role="menuitem"
title="See all Platforms articles"
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all">
See all
<svg id="mi-arrow-forward-no-bg" viewBox="0 0 32 32">
<polygon points="16,0 13.2,2.8 24.3,14 0,14 0,18 24.3,18 13.2,29.2 16,32 32,16"></polygon>
</svg>
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item"
role="group"
aria-labelledby="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-products-platforms-3">
<span class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label"
id="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-products-platforms-3">
Devices
</span>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__submenu-links">
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/devices/pixel/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=products-platforms
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Pixel
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/devices/google-nest/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=products-platforms
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Google Nest
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/devices/fitbit/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=products-platforms
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Fitbit
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/devices/chromebooks/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=products-platforms
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Chromebooks
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<a href="/products-and-platforms/devices/"
data-navigation="Devices"
role="menuitem"
title="See all Devices articles"
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all">
See all
<svg id="mi-arrow-forward-no-bg" viewBox="0 0 32 32">
<polygon points="16,0 13.2,2.8 24.3,14 0,14 0,18 24.3,18 13.2,29.2 16,32 32,16"></polygon>
</svg>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="uni-main-menu__submenu-view-all">
<p class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-title">Learn more:</p>
<div class="uni-main-menu__learn-more">
<a href="https://blog.google/products/ads-commerce/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Google Ads &amp; Commerce blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
<a href="https://blog.google/waze/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Waze blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</div>
<a href="/products-and-platforms/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__submenu-view-all-link">
See all product updates
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon--see-all">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</div>
<button class="uni-main-menu__submenu-close" aria-label="Close Menu">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--24px uni-main-menu__submenu-close--icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#close_icon"></use>
</svg>
</button>
</div>
</li>
<li data-has-subnav="yes"
class="uni-main-menu__item uni-main-menu__item--desktop inactive has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__item-label has-submenu"
tabindex="0">
Company news
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<div class="uni-main-menu__subnav uni-main-menu__subnav--desktop">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-title uni-main-menu__subnav-title--desktop">
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
Company news
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-list">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--desktop has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--desktop">
Outreach &amp; initiatives
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--desktop">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/company-news/outreach-and-initiatives/creating-opportunity/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Creating opportunity
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/technology/safety-security/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Safety &amp; security
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/company-news/outreach-and-initiatives/google-org/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Google.org
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/company-news/outreach-and-initiatives/public-policy/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Public policy
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/company-news/outreach-and-initiatives/sustainability/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Sustainability
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/technology/health/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Health
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/company-news/outreach-and-initiatives/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Outreach &amp; initiatives">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--desktop has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--desktop">
Leadership
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--desktop">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/authors/sundar-pichai/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Sundar Pichai, CEO
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/authors/"
data-navigation=company-news>
More authors
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/authors/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Leadership">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--desktop has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--desktop">
Inside Google
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--desktop">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/company-news/inside-google/around-the-globe/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Around the globe
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/company-news/inside-google/life-at-google/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Life at Google
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/company-news/inside-google/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Inside Google">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="h-c-page uni-main-menu__submenu-wrapper"
id="uni-navigation__item-1-4"
aria-expanded="false"
aria-hidden="true"
role="menu">
<ul class="uni-main-menu__submenu has-view-all">
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item"
role="group"
aria-labelledby="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-company-news-1">
<span class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label"
id="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-company-news-1">
Outreach &amp; initiatives
</span>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__submenu-links">
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/company-news/outreach-and-initiatives/creating-opportunity/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=company-news
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Creating opportunity
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/technology/safety-security/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=company-news
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Safety &amp; security
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/company-news/outreach-and-initiatives/google-org/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=company-news
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Google.org
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/company-news/outreach-and-initiatives/public-policy/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=company-news
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Public policy
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/company-news/outreach-and-initiatives/sustainability/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=company-news
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Sustainability
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/technology/health/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=company-news
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Health
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<a href="/company-news/outreach-and-initiatives/"
data-navigation="Outreach &amp; initiatives"
role="menuitem"
title="See all Outreach &amp; initiatives articles"
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all">
See all
<svg id="mi-arrow-forward-no-bg" viewBox="0 0 32 32">
<polygon points="16,0 13.2,2.8 24.3,14 0,14 0,18 24.3,18 13.2,29.2 16,32 32,16"></polygon>
</svg>
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item"
role="group"
aria-labelledby="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-company-news-2">
<span class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label"
id="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-company-news-2">
Leadership
</span>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__submenu-links">
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/authors/sundar-pichai/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=company-news
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Sundar Pichai, CEO
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/authors/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=company-news
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
More authors
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<a href="/authors/"
data-navigation="Leadership"
role="menuitem"
title="See all Leadership articles"
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all">
See all
<svg id="mi-arrow-forward-no-bg" viewBox="0 0 32 32">
<polygon points="16,0 13.2,2.8 24.3,14 0,14 0,18 24.3,18 13.2,29.2 16,32 32,16"></polygon>
</svg>
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item"
role="group"
aria-labelledby="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-company-news-3">
<span class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label"
id="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-label-company-news-3">
Inside Google
</span>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__submenu-links">
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/company-news/inside-google/around-the-globe/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=company-news
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Around the globe
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__submenu-link">
<a href="/company-news/inside-google/life-at-google/"
role="menuitem"
data-navigation=company-news
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-anchor">
Life at Google
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<a href="/company-news/inside-google/"
data-navigation="Inside Google"
role="menuitem"
title="See all Inside Google articles"
class="uni-main-menu__submenu-item-see-all">
See all
<svg id="mi-arrow-forward-no-bg" viewBox="0 0 32 32">
<polygon points="16,0 13.2,2.8 24.3,14 0,14 0,18 24.3,18 13.2,29.2 16,32 32,16"></polygon>
</svg>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<button class="uni-main-menu__submenu-close" aria-label="Close Menu">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--24px uni-main-menu__submenu-close--icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#close_icon"></use>
</svg>
</button>
</div>
</li>
<li data-has-subnav=""
class="uni-main-menu__item uni-main-menu__item--desktop inactive ">
<a href="/feed"
class="uni-main-menu__item-label "
role="button"
tabindex="0" >
Feed
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="uni-header__newsletter uni-header__newsletter--mobile">
<a class="uni-header__newsletter--cta uni-header__newsletter--cta--mobile kw-button
kw-button--high-emphasis"
href="/newsletter-subscribe/"
aria-label="Newsletter subscribe"
data-content-type="blogv2 | article page"
tabindex="-1" >
Subscribe</a>
</div>
</nav>
<script type="application/json" data-catalog-id="search-bar">
{
"find_an_article": "Find an article...",
"rss_link": "/rss/",
"rss_feed": "RSS feed",
"press_corner": "Press corner",
"press_corner_slug": "press/",
"secondary_menu": "Secondary menu",
"search": "Search",
"submit": "Submit",
"close": "Close",
"execute_search": "Execute search",
"dismiss_search": "Dismiss search",
"suggested_results_for": "[[number]] suggested results for [[query_term]]",
"by_string": "By",
"conjunction_symbol": "\u0026",
"suggested_searches": "Suggested searches",
"images": "Images",
"image_library_slug": "image\u002Dlibrary/"
}
</script>
<uni-search-bar
class="uni-search-bar"
search-placeholder="Ask a question or enter a keyword"
page-locale="en-us"
onboarding-text="Search freely using keywords, or by asking a question"
site-id="2"
>
<div slot="select-slot">
<div class="uni-picker" data-component="uni-lang-picker">
<select name="language"
class="uni-picker__order-menu"
aria-label="Change Region">
<option label="Global (English)"
value="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/"
class="uni-picker__item"
selected="selected"
data-selected-index="0"
>
Global (English)
</option>
<option label="Africa (English)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/en-africa/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Africa (English)
</option>
<option label="Australia (English)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/en-au/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Australia (English)
</option>
<option label="Brasil (Português)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/pt-br/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Brasil (Português)
</option>
<option label="Canada (English)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/en-ca/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Canada (English)
</option>
<option label="Canada (Français)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/fr-ca/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Canada (Français)
</option>
<option label="Česko (Čeština)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/cs-cz/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Česko (Čeština)
</option>
<option label="Deutschland (Deutsch)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/de-de/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Deutschland (Deutsch)
</option>
<option label="España (Español)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/es-es/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
España (Español)
</option>
<option label="France (Français)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/fr-fr/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
France (Français)
</option>
<option label="Greece (Ελληνικά)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/el-gr/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Greece (Ελληνικά)
</option>
<option label="India (English)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/en-in/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
India (English)
</option>
<option label="Indonesia (Bahasa Indonesia)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/id-id/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Indonesia (Bahasa Indonesia)
</option>
<option label="Italia (Italiano)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/it-it/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Italia (Italiano)
</option>
<option label="日本 (日本語)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/ja-jp/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
日本 (日本語)
</option>
<option label="대한민국 (한국어)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/ko-kr/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
대한민국 (한국어)
</option>
<option label="Latinoamérica (Español)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/es-419/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Latinoamérica (Español)
</option>
<option label="الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا (اللغة العربية)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/ar-mena/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا (اللغة العربية)
</option>
<option label="MENA (English)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/en-mena/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
MENA (English)
</option>
<option label="Nederlands (Nederland)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/nl-nl/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Nederlands (Nederland)
</option>
<option label="New Zealand (English)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/en-nz/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
New Zealand (English)
</option>
<option label="Polska (Polski)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/pl-pl/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Polska (Polski)
</option>
<option label="Portugal (Português)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/pt-pt/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Portugal (Português)
</option>
<option label="Sverige (Svenska)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/sv-se/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Sverige (Svenska)
</option>
<option label="ประเทศไทย (ไทย)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/th-th/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
ประเทศไทย (ไทย)
</option>
<option label="Türkiye (Türkçe)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/tr-tr/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Türkiye (Türkçe)
</option>
<option label="台灣 (中文)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/zh-tw/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
台灣 (中文)
</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div slot="suggested-searches-slot">
[&quot;How can teachers and students use AI?&quot;, &quot;What are the newest features in Chrome?&quot;, &quot;How can I learn new AI skills?&quot;]
</div>
</uni-search-bar>
<div class="uni-header__newsletter uni-header__newsletter--desktop">
<a class="uni-header__newsletter--cta uni-header__newsletter--cta--desktop kw-button
kw-button--high-emphasis"
href="/newsletter-subscribe/"
aria-label="Newsletter subscribe"
data-content-type="blogv2 | article page"
>
Subscribe</a>
</div>
</header>
<nav class="uni-navigation uni-navigation--mobile"
role="navigation"
aria-label="Main"
data-component="uni-navigation-mobile" aria-hidden='true'
data-analytics-module='{
"module_name": "mobile nav",
"section_header": "Mobile menu"
}'>
<div class="uni-navigation__brand-mobile" tabindex="-1">
<button class="uni-navigation__close" aria-label="Close Menu"
aria-hidden="true">
<svg
aria-label="Close Menu"
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--24px uni-main-menu__submenu-close--icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#close_icon"></use>
</svg>
</button>
<figure class="uni-navigation__logo-google" title="Google">
<svg
aria-label="Google"
role="img"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#h-color-google-logo"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
<span class="uni-navigation__site-title">
<a class="uni-header__site-title-link" href="/">
The Keyword
</a>
</span>
</div>
<div class="uni-navigation__list-mobile">
<ul id="uni-main-menu"
class="uni-main-menu"
>
<li data-has-subnav=""
class="uni-main-menu__item uni-main-menu__item--mobile inactive ">
<a href="/"
class="uni-main-menu__item-label "
role="button"
tabindex="-1">
Home
</a>
</li>
<li data-has-subnav="yes"
class="uni-main-menu__item uni-main-menu__item--mobile active has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__item-label has-submenu"
tabindex="0">
Innovation &amp; AI
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<div class="uni-main-menu__subnav uni-main-menu__subnav--mobile">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-title uni-main-menu__subnav-title--mobile">
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
Innovation &amp; AI
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-list">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--mobile has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--mobile">
Models &amp; Research
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--mobile">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/google-deepmind/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Google DeepMind
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/google-research/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Google Research
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/google-labs/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Google Labs
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/gemini-models/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Gemini models
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/quantum-computing/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Quantum computing
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Models &amp; Research">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--mobile has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--mobile">
Products
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--mobile">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Developer tools
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/products/gemini-app/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Gemini app
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/products/notebooklm/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
NotebookLM
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/products/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Products">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--mobile has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--mobile">
Infrastructure &amp; cloud
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--mobile">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/infrastructure-and-cloud/global-network/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Global network
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/infrastructure-and-cloud/google-cloud/"
data-navigation=innovation-ai>
Google Cloud
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/infrastructure-and-cloud/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Infrastructure &amp; cloud">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="uni-main-menu__subnav-list">
<p class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-title">Learn more:</p>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-list">
<li class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-item">
<a href="https://deepmind.google/blog/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Google DeepMind blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-item">
<a href="https://research.google/blog/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Google Research blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-item">
<a href="https://developers.googleblog.com/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Google Developers blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-item">
<a href="https://cloud.google.com/blog" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Google Cloud blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="uni-main-menu__subnav-list">
<a href="/innovation-and-ai/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-item uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span>See all AI updates</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon--see-all">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li data-has-subnav="yes"
class="uni-main-menu__item uni-main-menu__item--mobile inactive has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__item-label has-submenu"
tabindex="0">
Products &amp; platforms
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<div class="uni-main-menu__subnav uni-main-menu__subnav--mobile">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-title uni-main-menu__subnav-title--mobile">
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
Products &amp; platforms
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-list">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--mobile has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--mobile">
Products
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--mobile">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/products/search/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Search
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/products/maps/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Maps
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/products/chrome/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Chrome
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/products/workspace/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Google Workspace
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/products/education/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Learning &amp; Education
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/products/photos/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Photos
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/products/shopping/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Shopping
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/products/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Products">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--mobile has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--mobile">
Platforms
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--mobile">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/platforms/android/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Android
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/platforms/google-play/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Google Play
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/platforms/wear-os/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Wear OS
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/platforms/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Platforms">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--mobile has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--mobile">
Devices
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--mobile">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/devices/pixel/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Pixel
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/devices/google-nest/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Google Nest
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/devices/fitbit/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Fitbit
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/products-and-platforms/devices/chromebooks/"
data-navigation=products-platforms>
Chromebooks
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/devices/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Devices">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="uni-main-menu__subnav-list">
<p class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-title">Learn more:</p>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-list">
<li class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-item">
<a href="https://blog.google/products/ads-commerce/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Google Ads &amp; Commerce blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-item">
<a href="https://blog.google/waze/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-link--text">Waze blog</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="uni-main-menu__subnav-list">
<a href="/products-and-platforms/" class="uni-cta-text uni-main-menu__learn-more-item uni-main-menu__learn-more-link">
<span>See all product updates</span>
<span class="uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon uni-main-menu__learn-more-link-icon--see-all">
<svg
class="h-c-icon"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li data-has-subnav="yes"
class="uni-main-menu__item uni-main-menu__item--mobile inactive has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__item-label has-submenu"
tabindex="0">
Company news
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<div class="uni-main-menu__subnav uni-main-menu__subnav--mobile">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-title uni-main-menu__subnav-title--mobile">
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
Company news
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-list">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--mobile has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--mobile">
Outreach &amp; initiatives
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--mobile">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/company-news/outreach-and-initiatives/creating-opportunity/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Creating opportunity
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/technology/safety-security/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Safety &amp; security
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/company-news/outreach-and-initiatives/google-org/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Google.org
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/company-news/outreach-and-initiatives/public-policy/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Public policy
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/company-news/outreach-and-initiatives/sustainability/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Sustainability
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/innovation-and-ai/technology/health/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Health
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/company-news/outreach-and-initiatives/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Outreach &amp; initiatives">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--mobile has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--mobile">
Leadership
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--mobile">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/authors/sundar-pichai/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Sundar Pichai, CEO
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/authors/"
data-navigation=company-news>
More authors
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/authors/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Leadership">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item uni-main-menu__subnav-item--mobile has-submenu">
<button class="uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name uni-main-menu__subnav-item-name--mobile">
Inside Google
<figure class="expand-caret">
<svg
class="icon"
role="presentation"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-expand"></use>
</svg>
</figure>
</button>
<ul class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist--mobile">
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/company-news/inside-google/around-the-globe/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Around the globe
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link"
href="/company-news/inside-google/life-at-google/"
data-navigation=company-news>
Life at Google
</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-item">
<a href="/company-news/inside-google/"
class="uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link uni-main-menu__subnav-sublist-link--all"
data-navigation="Inside Google">
See all
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</li>
<li data-has-subnav=""
class="uni-main-menu__item uni-main-menu__item--mobile inactive ">
<a href="/feed"
class="uni-main-menu__item-label "
role="button"
tabindex="-1">
Feed
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<ul class="uni-header__kebab-menu uni-header__kebab-menu--mobile">
<li class="uni-header__kebab-menu-item">
<a href="/image-library/"
title="Images">Images</a>
</li>
<li class="uni-header__kebab-menu-item">
<a href="/rss/" title="RSS feed"
tabindex="-1" >
RSS feed
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="uni-header__newsletter uni-header__newsletter--mobile">
<a class="uni-header__newsletter--cta uni-header__newsletter--cta--mobile kw-button
kw-button--high-emphasis"
href="/newsletter-subscribe/"
aria-label="Newsletter subscribe"
data-content-type="blogv2 | article page"
tabindex="-1" >
Subscribe</a>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="overlay-body-menu--mobile"></div>
<div class="loader-mask">
<div class="loader-mask__loader"></div>
</div>
<main id="jump-content" class="site-content" tabindex="-1">
<article class="uni-article-wrapper">
<section class="article-hero">
<div class="article-hero__container">
<div class="article-hero__breadcrumb">
<div class="breadcrumb__container" data-component="uni-breadcrumb">
<button class="breadcrumb__prev-btn hide" aria-label="Previous">
<svg
role="presentation"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#uni-icon-chevron-right"></use>
</svg>
</button>
<div class="breadcrumb__focusable breadcrumb__focusable--start"></div>
<nav aria-label="Breadcrumb" class="breadcrumb breadcrumb__scrollable">
<span class="breadcrumb__label">Breadcrumb</span>
<ol data-analytics-module='{
"module_name": "breadcrumbs",
"section_header": "Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models"
}'>
<li>
<a href="https://blog.google/"
class="breadcrumb__button breadcrumb__button--homepage"
title="The Keyword"
aria-label="The Keyword"
data-ga4-analytics-landing-lead='{
"event": "landing_page_lead",
"link_text": "The Keyword"
}'
>
<svg
role="presentation"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#uni-icon-homepage"></use>
</svg>
</a>
</li>
<li>
<svg
class="breadcrumb__chevron"
role="presentation"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#uni-icon-chevron-right"></use>
</svg>
<a href="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/"
class="breadcrumb__button"
data-ga4-analytics-landing-lead='{
"event": "landing_page_lead",
"link_text": "Innovation \u0026 AI"
}'
>
Innovation &amp; AI
</a>
</li>
<li>
<svg
class="breadcrumb__chevron"
role="presentation"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#uni-icon-chevron-right"></use>
</svg>
<a href="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/"
class="breadcrumb__button"
data-ga4-analytics-landing-lead='{
"event": "landing_page_lead",
"link_text": "Technology"
}'
>
Technology
</a>
</li>
<li>
<svg
class="breadcrumb__chevron"
role="presentation"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#uni-icon-chevron-right"></use>
</svg>
<a href="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/"
class="breadcrumb__button"
data-ga4-analytics-landing-lead='{
"event": "landing_page_lead",
"link_text": "Developer tools"
}'
>
Developer tools
</a>
</li>
</ol>
</nav>
<div class="breadcrumb__focusable breadcrumb__focusable--end"></div>
<button class="breadcrumb__next-btn hide" aria-label="Next">
<svg
role="presentation"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#uni-icon-chevron-right"></use>
</svg>
</button>
</div>
</div>
<h1 class="article-hero__h1">Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models</h1>
</div>
</section>
<script type="application/json" data-catalog-id="article">
{
"reading_time": "[[read\u002Dtime]] min read"
}
</script>
<div class="article-meta__author-container"
data-analytics-module='{
"module_name": "Hero Menu",
"section_header": "Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models"
}'>
<div class="article-meta__author-wrapper">
<div class="article-meta__abstract">
<div class="article-meta__abstract-aside article-meta__abstract-aside--no-abstract">
<div class="article-meta__published-wrapper">
<p class="article-meta__published-at uni-body--small">Apr 02, 2026</p>
<span aria-hidden="true" class="article-meta__separator">·</span>
<uni-reading-time></uni-reading-time>
</div>
<div class ="uni-social-share uni-social-share--mobile" data-component="uni-social-share-dropdown">
<a class="uni-social-share__trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-label="Share" aria-expanded="false">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--color-text"
aria-hidden="true"
title="Share"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-share"></use>
</svg>
<div class="uni-social-share__button">Share</div>
</a>
<div class="uni-social-share__dialog uni-social-share__content " aria-labelledby="social-share-icon">
<a aria-label="Share on X"
class="article-share__link-text uni-click-tracker"
href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Gemma%204%3A%20Byte%20for%20byte%2C%20the%20most%20capable%20open%20models%20%40google&url=https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/"
target="_blank"
data-ga4-method="twitter">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--social h-c-icon--30px"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 30 30"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-x"></use>
</svg>
<div class="article-share__title">x.com</div>
</a>
<a aria-label="Share on Facebook"
class="article-share__link-text uni-click-tracker"
href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?caption=Gemma%204%3A%20Byte%20for%20byte%2C%20the%20most%20capable%20open%20models&u=https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/"
target="_blank"
data-ga4-method="facebook">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--social h-c-icon--30px"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 30 30"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-facebook"></use>
</svg>
<div class="article-share__title">Facebook</div>
</a>
<a aria-label="Share on LinkedIn"
class="article-share__link-text uni-click-tracker"
href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/&title=Gemma%204%3A%20Byte%20for%20byte%2C%20the%20most%20capable%20open%20models"
target="_blank"
data-ga4-method="linkedin">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--social h-c-icon--30px"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 30 30"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-linkedin"></use>
</svg>
<div class="article-share__title">LinkedIn</div>
</a>
<a aria-label="Share with Email"
class="article-share__link-text uni-click-tracker article-share__email"
href="mailto:?subject=Gemma%204%3A%20Byte%20for%20byte%2C%20the%20most%20capable%20open%20models&body=Check out this article on the Keyword:%0A%0AGemma%204%3A%20Byte%20for%20byte%2C%20the%20most%20capable%20open%20models%0A%0AGemma 4: our most intelligent open models to date, purpose-built for advanced reasoning and agentic workflows.%0A%0Ahttps://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/"
target="_blank"
data-ga4-method="email">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--social h-c-icon--30px"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 30 30"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-mail"></use>
</svg>
<div class="article-share__title">Mail</div>
</a>
<div class="copy-link uni-copy-share uni-click-tracker"
data-component="uni-copy-popup-component"
data-ga4-analytics-share-copy-link
data-ga4-method="Copy link">
<button class="copy-link__trigger copy-link__trigger-text"
data-ga4-method="Copy link"
title="Copy link">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--color-text"
role="presentation"
title="Copy link"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-link"></use>
</svg>
<div class="copy-link__title">Copy link</div>
</button>
<div class="copy-link__dialog copy-link__content" uni-options='{"copyTextButton": "COPIED TO CLIPBOARD"}' aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1">
<input class="h-c-copy copy-link__url" value="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/" id="copy-link" readonly="readonly" type="text"/>
<div class="copy-link__copy-message" role="status"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="article-meta__container">
<div class="article-meta__content">
<div class="article-meta__author">
<div class="article-meta__author-noimage"
data-component="uni-monogram"
data-author="Clement Farabet">
</div>
<div class="article-meta__author-info">
<div class="article-meta__author-name">Clement Farabet</div>
<div class="article-meta__author-title">
VP of Research, Google DeepMind
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="article-meta__author">
<div class="article-meta__author-noimage"
data-component="uni-monogram"
data-author="Olivier Lacombe">
</div>
<div class="article-meta__author-info">
<div class="article-meta__author-name">Olivier Lacombe</div>
<div class="article-meta__author-title">
Group Product Manager, Google DeepMind
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="article-share__wrapper"
data-analytics-module='{
"module_name": "Hero Share",
"section_header": "Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models"
}'>
<div class ="uni-social-share uni-social-share--desktop" data-component="uni-social-share-dropdown">
<a class="uni-social-share__trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-label="Share" aria-expanded="false">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--color-text"
aria-hidden="true"
title="Share"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-share"></use>
</svg>
<div class="uni-social-share__button">Share</div>
</a>
<div class="uni-social-share__dialog uni-social-share__content " aria-labelledby="social-share-icon">
<a aria-label="Share on X"
class="article-share__link-text uni-click-tracker"
href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Gemma%204%3A%20Byte%20for%20byte%2C%20the%20most%20capable%20open%20models%20%40google&url=https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/"
target="_blank"
data-ga4-method="twitter">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--social h-c-icon--30px"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 30 30"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-x"></use>
</svg>
<div class="article-share__title">x.com</div>
</a>
<a aria-label="Share on Facebook"
class="article-share__link-text uni-click-tracker"
href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?caption=Gemma%204%3A%20Byte%20for%20byte%2C%20the%20most%20capable%20open%20models&u=https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/"
target="_blank"
data-ga4-method="facebook">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--social h-c-icon--30px"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 30 30"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-facebook"></use>
</svg>
<div class="article-share__title">Facebook</div>
</a>
<a aria-label="Share on LinkedIn"
class="article-share__link-text uni-click-tracker"
href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/&title=Gemma%204%3A%20Byte%20for%20byte%2C%20the%20most%20capable%20open%20models"
target="_blank"
data-ga4-method="linkedin">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--social h-c-icon--30px"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 30 30"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-linkedin"></use>
</svg>
<div class="article-share__title">LinkedIn</div>
</a>
<a aria-label="Share with Email"
class="article-share__link-text uni-click-tracker article-share__email"
href="mailto:?subject=Gemma%204%3A%20Byte%20for%20byte%2C%20the%20most%20capable%20open%20models&body=Check out this article on the Keyword:%0A%0AGemma%204%3A%20Byte%20for%20byte%2C%20the%20most%20capable%20open%20models%0A%0AGemma 4: our most intelligent open models to date, purpose-built for advanced reasoning and agentic workflows.%0A%0Ahttps://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/"
target="_blank"
data-ga4-method="email">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--social h-c-icon--30px"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 30 30"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-mail"></use>
</svg>
<div class="article-share__title">Mail</div>
</a>
<div class="copy-link uni-copy-share uni-click-tracker"
data-component="uni-copy-popup-component"
data-ga4-analytics-share-copy-link
data-ga4-method="Copy link">
<button class="copy-link__trigger copy-link__trigger-text"
data-ga4-method="Copy link"
title="Copy link">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--color-text"
role="presentation"
title="Copy link"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-link"></use>
</svg>
<div class="copy-link__title">Copy link</div>
</button>
<div class="copy-link__dialog copy-link__content" uni-options='{"copyTextButton": "COPIED TO CLIPBOARD"}' aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1">
<input class="h-c-copy copy-link__url" value="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/" id="copy-link" readonly="readonly" type="text"/>
<div class="copy-link__copy-message" role="status"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="article-image-hero">
<div class="article-image-hero__container">
<figure class="article-image--full-aspect article-module">
<div class="aspect-ratio-image" style="--height-percentage: 41.7%;">
<div class="aspect-ratio-image__container">
<img
alt="Gemma 4"
class="aspect-ratio-image__image uni-progressive-image--blur"
data-component="uni-progressive-image"
fetchpriority="high"
height="150px"
src="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/gemma-4_blog_keyword_header-dark.width-200.format-webp.webp"
width="360px"
data-sizes="(max-width: 1023px) 100vw,(min-width: 1024px and max-width: 1259) 80vw, 1046px"
data-srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/gemma-4_blog_keyword_header-dark.width-800.format-webp.webp 800w, https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/gemma-4_blog_keyword_header-dark.width-1200.format-webp.webp 1200w, https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/gemma-4_blog_keyword_header-dark.width-1600.format-webp.webp 1600w, https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/gemma-4_blog_keyword_header-dark.width-2200.format-webp.webp 2200w"
>
</div>
</div>
</figure>
</div>
</div>
<script>
class ProgressiveImage {
EVENTS = {
TRANSITION_END: 'transitionend',
};
CSS_CLASSES = {
BLUR: 'uni-progressive-image--blur',
NO_BLUR: 'uni-progressive-image--no-blur',
};
init(el) {
this.el = el;
this._events();
this._upgradeImage();
}
_upgradeImage() {
// For gif format images we don't include data-srcset and data-sizes
// We can safely remove the blur filter.
if (!this.el.dataset.srcset || !this.el.dataset.sizes) {
this.el.classList.add(this.CSS_CLASSES.NO_BLUR);
return;
}
this.el.setAttribute('srcset', this.el.dataset.srcset);
this.el.setAttribute('sizes', this.el.dataset.sizes);
requestAnimationFrame(() => {
this.el.classList.add(this.CSS_CLASSES.NO_BLUR);
});
}
_events() {
// Once the transition completes is safe to clean some attributes
this.el.addEventListener(this.EVENTS.TRANSITION_END, () => {
this.el.classList.remove(this.CSS_CLASSES.BLUR, this.CSS_CLASSES.NO_BLUR);
this.el.removeAttribute('data-srcset');
this.el.removeAttribute('data-sizes');
});
}
}
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
const images = document.querySelectorAll('[data-component="uni-progressive-image"]');
images.forEach((el) => {
el.setAttribute('data-component-initialized', true);
new ProgressiveImage().init(el);
});
});
</script>
<section class="uni-container article-container">
<div class="uni-wrapper article-container__wrapper">
<div class="uni-content uni-blog-article-container article-container__content
"
data-reading-time="true"
data-component="uni-article-body">
<div class="audio-player-tts"
data-component="uni-audio-player-tts"
uni-l10n='{
"stop": "Pause article audio description",
"play": "Play article audio description",
"progress": "Current audio progress minutes with seconds: [[progress]]",
"duration": "Duration of the audio minutes with seconds: [[duration]]",
"settings": "Click for settings",
"timeText": "[[duration]] minutes"
}'
data-analytics-module='{
"module_name": "Audio TTS",
"section_header": "Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models"
}'
data-tts-audios='[
{"voice_name": "Umbriel",
"voice_source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/media/tts_audio_84029_umbriel_2026_04_03_17_10_25.wav",
"mimetype": "audio/x-wav"},
{"voice_name": "Gacrux",
"voice_source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/media/tts_audio_84029_gacrux_2026_04_03_17_10_30.wav",
"mimetype": "audio/x-wav"}
]'>
<audio
class="audio-player-tts__player"
title="Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models">
<source
src="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/media/tts_audio_84029_umbriel_2026_04_03_17_10_25.wav"
type="audio/x-wav" />
<p>Your browser does not support the audio element.</p>
</audio>
<div class="audio-player-tts__container" aria-label="">
<div class="audio-player-tts__content">
<button class="audio-player-tts__preview-play" aria-label="Play article audio description">
<svg
class="icon audio-player-tts__play-icon"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#ttf-play-spark"></use>
</svg>
</button>
<div class="audio-player-tts__text-content">
<span class="audio-player-tts__text-content--title">
Listen to article
<span class="audio-player-tts__disclaimer" tabindex="0" role="tooltip" aria-label="This content is generated by Google AI. Generative AI is experimental">
<div class="audio-player-tts__disclaimer--copy uni-small-text">This content is generated by Google AI. Generative AI is experimental</div>
<svg
class="audio-player-tts__disclaimer--icon"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#ttf-info"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</span>
<div class="audio-player-tts__duration uni-small-text">[[duration]] minutes</div>
</div>
<button class="audio-player-tts__pause" aria-label="Pause article audio description">
<svg
class="icon audio-player-tts__icon-play"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#play-bottom"></use>
</svg>
<svg
class="icon audio-player-tts__icon-pause audio-player-tts__icon-pause--hidden"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#pause-bottom"></use>
</svg>
</button>
<div class="audio-player-tts__console">
<div class="audio-player-tts__time-bar">
<span class="audio-player-tts__current-time uni-small-text"></span>
<div class="audio-player-tts__timeline-slider-container">
<input type="range" class="timeline__slider" max="100" value="0" step="5" aria-valuetext="Audio Slider" aria-label="Audio Slider" tabindex="0" role="slider">
</div>
<span class="audio-player-tts__duration-time uni-small-text"></span>
</div>
<button class="audio-player-tts__audio-settings" aria-label="Click for settings">
<svg
class="icon audio-player-tts__audio-settings--icon"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#ttf-settings"></use>
</svg>
</button>
<div class="audio-player-tts__settings-container">
<div class="audio-player-tts__settings--main uni-cta-text">
<button class="audio-player-tts__settings--current-voice" aria-label="Click to change voice">
<span class="audio-player-tts__settings--current-voice-info">
<svg
class="audio-player-tts__settings--current-voice-icon"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#tts-voice"></use>
</svg>
<span>Voice</span>
</span>
<span class="audio-player-tts__settings--current-voice-next">
<span class="audio-player-tts__settings--current-voice-text uni-small-text" ></span>
<svg
class="icon tts-chevron"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#tts-chevron"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</button>
<button class="audio-player-tts__settings--current-speed" aria-label="Click to change speed">
<span class="audio-player-tts__settings--current-speed-info">
<svg
class="audio-player-tts__settings--current-speed-icon"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#tts-speed"></use>
</svg>
<span>Speed</span>
</span>
<span class="audio-player-tts__settings--current-speed-next">
<span class="audio-player-tts__settings--current-speed-text uni-small-text"></span>
<svg
class="icon tts-chevron"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#tts-chevron"></use>
</svg>
</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="audio-player-tts__settings--voices uni-cta-text">
<button class="audio-player-tts__settings-back" aria-label="Click to go back"><svg
class="icon tts-chevron"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#tts-chevron"></use>
</svg>
<span>Voice</span></button>
</div>
<div class="audio-player-tts__settings--speeds uni-cta-text">
<button class="audio-player-tts__settings-back" aria-label="Click to go back"><svg
class="icon tts-chevron"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#tts-chevron"></use>
</svg>
<span>Speed</span></button>
<button class="audio-player-tts__settings-option" data-speed="0.75" aria-label="speed 0.75X"><span>0.75X</span></button>
<button class="audio-player-tts__settings-option audio-player-tts__settings-option--selected" data-speed="1" aria-label="speed 1X"><span>1X</span></button>
<button class="audio-player-tts__settings-option" data-speed="1.5" aria-label="speed 1.5X"><span>1.5X</span></button>
<button class="audio-player-tts__settings-option" data-speed="2" aria-label="speed 2X"><span>2X</span></button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!--article text-->
<div class="module--text module--text__article" role="presentation"
data-analytics-module='{
"module_name": "Paragraph",
"section_header": "Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models"
}'>
<div class="uni-paragraph article-paragraph"
data-component="uni-article-paragraph">
<div class="rich-text"><p data-block-key="8ky1y">Today, we are introducing <a href="https://aistudio.google.com/prompts/new_chat?model=gemma-4-31b-it">Gemma 4</a> — our most intelligent open models to date. Purpose-built for advanced reasoning and agentic workflows, Gemma 4 delivers an unprecedented level of intelligence-per-parameter. This breakthrough builds on incredible community momentum: since the launch of our first generation, developers have downloaded Gemma over 400 million times, building a vibrant <a href="https://deepmind.google/models/gemma/gemmaverse/">Gemmaverse</a> of more than 100,000 variants. We listened closely to what innovators need next to push the boundaries of AI, and Gemma 4 is our answer: breakthrough capabilities made widely accessible under an <a href="https://goo.gle/gemma-4-apache-2">Apache 2.0 license</a>.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<script type="application/json" data-catalog-id="reduce-motion-player">
{
"play_video": "Play video",
"pause_video": "Pause video"
}
</script>
<script type="application/json" data-catalog-id="video-player">
{
"play_video": "Play video",
"pause_video": "Pause video",
"mute": "Click to mute audio",
"unmute": "Click to unmute audio",
"enable_cc": "Enable Closed captions",
"disable_cc": "Disable Closed captions",
"disable_ad": "Disable audio description",
"enable_ad": "Enable audio description",
"video_progress": "Video progress",
"aria_value_text": "elapsed time: [[elapsedTime]], total time: [[totalTime]]"
}
</script>
<uni-image-full-width
alignment="full"
alt-text="Open model performance vs size on Arena.ais chat arena"
external-image="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/documents/gemma-4__elo-score__eval__dark_Web.png"
or-mp4-video-title=""
or-mp4-video-url=""
section-header="Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models"
external-link="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/documents/gemma-4__elo-score__eval__dark_Web.png"
custom-class="image-full-width--constrained-width uni-component-spacing"
autoplay="true"
>
<div slot="caption-slot">
<div class="rich-text"><p data-block-key="h231o">Open model performance vs size on <a href="http://arena.ai/">Arena.ai</a>s chat arena as of 4/1.</p></div>
</div>
<div slot="image-slot">
<img
alt="Open model performance vs size on Arena.ais chat arena"
src="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/documents/gemma-4__elo-score__eval__dark_Web.png"
>
</div>
</uni-image-full-width>
<div class="module--text module--text__article" role="presentation"
data-analytics-module='{
"module_name": "Paragraph",
"section_header": "Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models"
}'>
<div class="uni-paragraph article-paragraph"
data-component="uni-article-paragraph">
<div class="rich-text"><p data-block-key="01r3j">Built from the same world-class research and technology as Gemini 3, Gemma 4 is the most capable model family you can run on your hardware. They complement our Gemini models, giving developers the industry's most powerful combination of both open and proprietary tools.</p><h2 data-block-key="79fu4">Industry-leading capabilities and mobile-first AI</h2><p data-block-key="84aq7">We are releasing Gemma 4 in four versatile sizes: <a href="https://huggingface.co/gg-hf-gg/gemma-4-E2B-it">Effective 2B (E2B</a>), <a href="https://huggingface.co/gg-hf-gg/gemma-4-E4B-it">Effective 4B (E4B)</a>, <a href="https://huggingface.co/gg-hf-gg/gemma-4-26B-A4B-it">26B Mixture of Experts (MoE)</a> and <a href="https://huggingface.co/gg-hf-gg/gemma-4-31B-it">31B Dense</a>. The entire family moves beyond simple chat to handle complex logic and agentic workflows. Our larger models deliver state-of-the-art performance for their sizes, with the 31B model currently ranking as the #3 open model in the world on the industry-standard <a href="https://arena.ai/leaderboard/text?license=open-source">Arena AI text leaderboard</a>, and the 26B model securing the #6 spot. There, Gemma 4 outcompetes models 20x its size. For developers, this new level of intelligence-per-parameter means achieving frontier-level capabilities with significantly less hardware overhead.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<uni-youtube-player-article
index="4"
thumbnail-alt="What&#x27;s new with Gemma 4"
video-id="jZVBoFOJK-Q"
video-type="video"
>
</uni-youtube-player-article>
<script type="application/ld+json">
{
"@context": "https://schema.org/",
"@type": "VideoObject",
"name": "Whats new in Gemma 4",
"description": "What&#x27;s new with Gemma 4",
"thumbnailUrl": "https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/jZVBoFOJK-Q/maxresdefault.webp",
"uploadDate": "2026-04-02T16:00:00+00:00",
"contentUrl": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jZVBoFOJK-Q",
"embedUrl": "https://www.youtube.com/embed/jZVBoFOJK-Q"
}
</script>
<div class="module--text module--text__article" role="presentation"
data-analytics-module='{
"module_name": "Paragraph",
"section_header": "Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models"
}'>
<div class="uni-paragraph article-paragraph"
data-component="uni-article-paragraph">
<div class="rich-text"><p data-block-key="8ky1y">At the edge, our E2B and E4B models redefine on-device utility, prioritizing multimodal capabilities, low-latency processing and seamless ecosystem integration over raw parameter count.</p><h2 data-block-key="2mqsg">Powerful, accessible, open</h2><p data-block-key="79qkb">To power the next generation of pioneering research and products, we've sized the Gemma 4 models specifically to run and fine-tune efficiently on hardware — from billions of Android devices worldwide, to laptop GPUs, all the way up to developer workstations and accelerators.</p><p data-block-key="c23l3">By using these highly optimized models, you can fine-tune Gemma 4 to achieve state-of-the-art performance on your specific tasks. We've already seen incredible success with this approach; for instance, INSAIT created a pioneering Bulgarian-first language model (<a href="https://deepmind.google/models/gemma/gemmaverse/insait/">BgGPT</a>), and we worked with Yale University on <a href="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/products/google-gemma-ai-cancer-therapy-discovery/">Cell2Sentence-Scale</a> to discover new pathways for cancer therapy, among many others.</p><p data-block-key="1ijsh">Here is what makes Gemma 4 our most capable open model family yet:</p><ul><li data-block-key="8csp7"><b>Advanced reasoning:</b> Capable of multi-step planning and deep logic, Gemma 4 demonstrates significant improvements in math and instruction-following benchmarks that require it.</li><li data-block-key="8fcid"><b>Agentic workflows:</b> Native support for function-calling, structured JSON output, and native system instructions enables you to build autonomous agents that can interact with different tools and APIs and execute workflows reliably.</li><li data-block-key="fatu0"><b>Code generation:</b> Gemma 4 supports high-quality offline code, turning your workstation into a local-first AI code assistant.</li><li data-block-key="4vkfv"><b>Vision and audio:</b> All models natively process video and images, supporting variable resolutions, and excelling at visual tasks like OCR and chart understanding. Additionally, the E2B and E4B models feature native audio input for speech recognition and understanding.</li><li data-block-key="496p9"><b>Longer context:</b> Process long-form content seamlessly. The edge models feature a 128K context window, while the larger models offer up to 256K, allowing you to pass repositories or long documents in a single prompt.</li><li data-block-key="dkggt"><b>140+ languages:</b> Natively trained on over 140 languages, Gemma 4 helps developers build inclusive, high-performance applications for a global audience.</li></ul><h2 data-block-key="2g8t9">Versatile models for diverse hardware</h2><p data-block-key="74hfk">We are releasing the Gemma 4 model weights in sizes tailored for specific hardware and use cases, ensuring you get frontier-class reasoning wherever you need it:</p><h3 data-block-key="2r98j">26B and 31B models: Frontier intelligence, offline on your personal computers</h3><p data-block-key="8rit">Optimized to provide researchers and developers with state-of-the-art reasoning on accessible hardware, our unquantized bfloat16 weights fit efficiently on a single 80GB NVIDIA H100 GPU. For local setups, quantized versions run natively on consumer GPUs to power your IDEs, coding assistants and agentic workflows. Our 26B Mixture of Experts (MoE) focus on latency, activating only 3.8 billion of its total parameters during inference to deliver exceptionally fast tokens-per-second, while our 31B Dense is maximizing raw quality and provides a powerful foundation for fine-tuning.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<script type="application/json" data-catalog-id="reduce-motion-player">
{
"play_video": "Play video",
"pause_video": "Pause video"
}
</script>
<script type="application/json" data-catalog-id="video-player">
{
"play_video": "Play video",
"pause_video": "Pause video",
"mute": "Click to mute audio",
"unmute": "Click to unmute audio",
"enable_cc": "Enable Closed captions",
"disable_cc": "Disable Closed captions",
"disable_ad": "Disable audio description",
"enable_ad": "Enable audio description",
"video_progress": "Video progress",
"aria_value_text": "elapsed time: [[elapsedTime]], total time: [[totalTime]]"
}
</script>
<uni-image-full-width
alignment="full"
alt-text="Gemma 4 Table"
external-image="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/documents/gemma-4-table_light_Web_with_Arena.jpg"
or-mp4-video-title=""
or-mp4-video-url=""
section-header="Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models"
external-link="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/documents/gemma-4-table_light_Web_with_Arena.jpg"
custom-class="image-full-width--constrained-width uni-component-spacing"
autoplay="true"
>
<div slot="caption-slot">
<div class="rich-text"><p data-block-key="jv445">These models were evaluated against a large collection of different datasets and metrics to cover different aspects of text generation. See additional benchmarks in our <a href="https://ai.google.dev/gemma/docs/core/model_card_4">model card</a>.</p></div>
</div>
<div slot="image-slot">
<img
alt="Gemma 4 Table"
src="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/documents/gemma-4-table_light_Web_with_Arena.jpg"
>
</div>
</uni-image-full-width>
<div class="module--text module--text__article" role="presentation"
data-analytics-module='{
"module_name": "Paragraph",
"section_header": "Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models"
}'>
<div class="uni-paragraph article-paragraph"
data-component="uni-article-paragraph">
<div class="rich-text"><h3 data-block-key="vtakt">E2B and E4B models: A new level of intelligence for mobile and IoT devices</h3><p data-block-key="dngao">Engineered from the ground up for maximum compute and memory efficiency, these models activate an effective 2 billion and 4 billion parameter footprint during inference to preserve RAM and battery life. In close collaboration with our Google Pixel team and mobile hardware leaders like Qualcomm Technologies and MediaTek, these multimodal models run completely offline with near-zero latency across edge devices like phones, Raspberry Pi, and NVIDIA Jetson Orin Nano. Android developers can now prototype agentic flows in the <a href="https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2026/03/AI-Core-Developer-Preview">AICore Developer Preview</a> today for forward-compatibility with Gemini Nano 4.</p><h2 data-block-key="dviet">An open-source license</h2><p data-block-key="7f501">You gave us feedback, and we listened. Building the future of AI requires a collaborative approach, and we believe in empowering the developer ecosystem without restrictive barriers. That's why Gemma 4 is released under a commercially permissive <a href="https://goo.gle/gemma-4-apache-2">Apache 2.0 license.</a></p><p data-block-key="amhqv">This open-source license provides a foundation for complete developer flexibility and digital sovereignty; granting you complete control over your data, infrastructure, and models. It allows you to build freely and deploy securely across any environment, whether on-premises or in the cloud.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<uni-pull-quote
content-style="pull"
quote="&quot;The release of Gemma 4 under an Apache 2.0 license is a huge milestone. We are incredibly excited to support the Gemma 4 family on Hugging Face on day one.&quot;"
section-header="Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models"
author-name="Clément Delangue"
author-role="co-founder and CEO, Hugging Face"
>
</uni-pull-quote>
<div class="module--text module--text__article" role="presentation"
data-analytics-module='{
"module_name": "Paragraph",
"section_header": "Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models"
}'>
<div class="uni-paragraph article-paragraph"
data-component="uni-article-paragraph">
<div class="rich-text"><h2 data-block-key="tpfdj">Built on a foundation of trust and safety</h2><p data-block-key="8tm0">These models undergo the same rigorous infrastructure security protocols as our proprietary models. By choosing Gemma 4, enterprises and sovereign organizations gain a trusted, transparent foundation that delivers state-of-the-art capabilities while meeting the highest standards for security and reliability.</p><h2 data-block-key="8j0q2">An ecosystem of choices</h2><ul><li data-block-key="bthkd"><b>Start experimenting in seconds:</b> Get instant access to Gemma 4 and begin building right away. Explore Gemma 4 in <a href="https://aistudio.google.com/prompts/new_chat?model=gemma-4-31b-it">Google AI Studio</a> (31B and 26B MoE) or in Google <a href="https://developers.googleblog.com/bring-state-of-the-art-agentic-skills-to-the-edge-with-gemma-4/">AI Edge Gallery</a> (E4B and E2B). For <a href="http://android-developers.googleblog.com/2026/03/gemma-4-new-standard-for-local-agentic-intelligence.html">Android development</a>, use it to power Agent Mode in <a href="http://android-developers.googleblog.com/2026/04/android-studio-supports-gemma-4-local.html">Android Studio</a>, and start building apps for production on Android with the <a href="https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2026/03/AI-Core-Developer-Preview">ML Kit GenAI Prompt API</a>.</li><li data-block-key="fg2pf"><b>Use your favorite tools:</b> With day-one support for <a href="https://huggingface.co/blog/gemma4">Hugging Face</a> (Transformers, TRL, Transformers.js, Candle), <a href="https://ai.google.dev/edge/litert-lm/overview">LiteRT-LM</a>, vLLM, llama.cpp, <a href="https://huggingface.co/collections/mlx-community/gemma-4">MLX</a>, <a href="https://ollama.com/library/gemma4">Ollama</a>, <a href="https://build.nvidia.com/google/gemma-4-31b-it">NVIDIA NIM</a> and <a href="https://github.com/NVIDIA-NeMo/Automodel/tree/main/docs/guides/vlm/gemma4.md">NeMo</a>, <a href="https://lmstudio.ai/models/gemma-4">LM Studio</a>, <a href="https://unsloth.ai/docs/models/gemma-4">Unsloth</a>, SGLang, <a href="https://docs.cactuscompute.com/latest/blog/gemma4/">Cactus</a>, <a href="https://www.baseten.co/library/publisher/gemma/">Baseten</a>, <a href="https://hub.docker.com/r/ai/gemma4">Docker</a>, MaxText, Tunix, Keras, you have the flexibility to choose the best tools for your project.</li><li data-block-key="bgep6"><b>Download the models:</b> Get the model weights from <a href="https://huggingface.co/collections/google/gemma-4">Hugging Face</a>, <a href="https://www.kaggle.com/models/google/gemma-4">Kaggle</a> or <a href="https://ollama.com/library/gemma4">Ollama</a>.</li><li data-block-key="q3t4"><b>Customize Gemma 4 to your specific needs:</b> Train and adapt the model using your preferred platform, like Google Colab, <a href="https://console.cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/publishers/google/model-garden/gemma4">Vertex AI</a> or even your gaming GPU.</li><li data-block-key="rs0c"><b>Scale to production on Google Cloud:</b> While local on-device inference is ideal for offline use, Google Cloud removes all compute ceilings. Deploy your way through Vertex AI, <a href="https://codelabs.developers.google.com/codelabs/cloud-run/cloud-run-gpu-rtx-pro-6000-gemma4-vllm">Cloud Run</a>, <a href="https://docs.cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/tutorials/serve-gemma-gpu-vllm">GKE</a>, Sovereign Cloud, TPU-accelerated serving and the highest compliance guarantees for regulated workloads. Learn more about getting started on Google Cloud <a href="https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/ai-machine-learning/gemma-4-available-on-google-cloud">here</a>.</li><li data-block-key="dgbd4"><b>Accelerate your AI development across multiple hardware platforms:</b> Gemma 4 is optimized for industry-leading hardware out of the box. Experience maximum performance on NVIDIA AI infrastructure from NVIDIA Jetson Orin Nano to Blackwell GPUs, integrate with AMD GPUs via the open-source ROCm™ stack, or deploy on Trillium and Ironwood TPUs for massive scale and efficiency.</li><li data-block-key="5h5gm"><b>Compete for impact:</b> Join the <a href="https://www.kaggle.com/competitions/gemma-4-good-hackathon">Gemma 4 Good Challenge</a> on Kaggle to build products that create meaningful, positive change in the world.</li></ul></div>
</div>
</div>
<div
class="
uni-blog-article-tags
article-tags
"
data-analytics-module='{
"module_name": "Article Tags",
"section_header": "Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models"
}'>
<div class="uni-blog-article-tags__wrapper">
<span class="uni-blog-article-tags__label uni-eyebrow">POSTED IN:</span>
</div>
<nav class="uni-blog-article-tags__container uni-click-tracker">
<ul class="uni-blog-article-tags__tags-list">
<li>
<a class="uni-blog-article-tags-value uni-body--small uni-link-active"
href=" https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/ "
data-ga4-analytics-landing-lead='{
"event": "landing_page_lead",
"link_text": "Developer tools"
}'
>
Developer tools
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="uni-blog-article-tags-value uni-body--small uni-link-active"
href=" https://blog.google/products-and-platforms/products/gemini/ "
data-ga4-analytics-landing-lead='{
"event": "landing_page_lead",
"link_text": "Developer tools"
}'
>
Gemini models
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
</article>
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards kw-speakable-hidden ga4-carousel"
data-analytics-module='{
"module_name": "Article Footer Related Stories",
"section_header": "Related stories"
}'
>
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards-container" data-component="uni-related-articles" aria-roledescription="carousel">
<div class="uni-related-articles-grid-title">
<div class="uni-related-articles-grid-wrapper">
<h3 class="uni-related-articles-cards__title">
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__title-content
">
Related stories
</div>
</h3>
</div>
</div>
<button class="uni-related-articles-cards__arrow uni-related-articles-cards__arrow--prev "
aria-label="Previous item"
data-ga4-analytics-carousel-scroll-click='{
"toggle_type_direction": "arrow - left",
"position": ""
}'
>
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__arrow--fig"></span>
</button>
<button class="uni-related-articles-cards__arrow uni-related-articles-cards__arrow--next "
aria-label="Next item"
data-ga4-analytics-carousel-scroll-click='{
"toggle_type_direction": "arrow - right",
"position": ""
}'
>
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__arrow--fig"></span>
</button>
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__track">
<div role="region" aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="false" class="uni-related-articles-cards__wrap
">
<div id="uni-related-articles-cards__item--1" class="uni-related-articles-cards__item
uni-related-articles-cards__item--img
">
<a href="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/gemini-models/gemini-3-1-flash-tts/" class="uni-related-articles-cards__link"
aria-label="Gemini models -
Gemini 3.1 Flash TTS: the next generation of expressive AI speech -
By
Vilobh Meshram
&
Max Gubin
- Apr 15, 2026"
data-index="1"
data-target="card"
data-primaryTag = "topics - gemini models"
data-image="true"
data-ga4-analytics-footer-lead-click='{
"link_text": "Gemini 3.1 Flash TTS: the next generation of expressive AI speech",
"link_url": "https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/models-and-research/gemini-models/gemini-3-1-flash-tts/",
"source_content": "Related stories",
"related_index": "1",
"related_article_tag": "topics - gemini models",
"article_name": "Gemini 3.1 Flash TTS: the next generation of expressive AI speech",
"author_name": "Vilobh Meshram, Max Gubin",
"content_type": "article page"
}'
>
<div
class="uni-related-articles-cards__item-top-info"
aria-hidden="true"
data-target="card">
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__img">
<img
src="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/gemini-3.1-flash-tts_blog_keyword.width-300.format-webp.webp"
alt=""
sizes="[{"width":"600", "height":"208"}]"
srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/gemini-3.1-flash-tts_blog_keyword.width-300.format-webp.webp 300w, https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/gemini-3.1-flash-tts_blog_keyword.width-600.format-webp.webp 600w"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<span class="uni-eyebrow uni-related-articles-cards__category" data-target="eyebrow">Gemini models</span>
<h4 class="uni-related-articles-cards__headline" data-target="title">Gemini 3.1 Flash TTS: the next generation of expressive AI speech</h4>
</div>
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__info" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__author">
By
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__author--name" data-target="author">
Vilobh Meshram
</span>
&
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__author--name" data-target="author">
Max Gubin
</span>
</div>
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__date" data-target="date">
Apr 15, 2026
</span>
</div>
<svg
class="uni-related-articles-cards__item-arrow"
data-target="arrow"
role="presentation"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</a>
</div>
<div id="uni-related-articles-cards__item--2" class="uni-related-articles-cards__item
uni-related-articles-cards__item--img
">
<a href="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/prepay-gemini-api/" class="uni-related-articles-cards__link"
aria-label="Developer tools -
Prepay for the Gemini API to get more control over your spend -
By
Nabila Babar
&
Jason Stephen
- Apr 15, 2026"
data-index="2"
data-target="card"
data-primaryTag = "products - developer tools"
data-image="true"
data-ga4-analytics-footer-lead-click='{
"link_text": "Prepay for the Gemini API to get more control over your spend",
"link_url": "https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/prepay-gemini-api/",
"source_content": "Related stories",
"related_index": "2",
"related_article_tag": "products - developer tools",
"article_name": "Prepay for the Gemini API to get more control over your spend",
"author_name": "Nabila Babar, Jason Stephen",
"content_type": "article page"
}'
>
<div
class="uni-related-articles-cards__item-top-info"
aria-hidden="true"
data-target="card">
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__img">
<img
src="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/API_Hero_409.width-300.format-webp.webp"
alt=""
sizes="[{"width":"600", "height":"208"}]"
srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/API_Hero_409.width-300.format-webp.webp 300w, https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/API_Hero_409.width-600.format-webp.webp 600w"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<span class="uni-eyebrow uni-related-articles-cards__category" data-target="eyebrow">Developer tools</span>
<h4 class="uni-related-articles-cards__headline" data-target="title">Prepay for the Gemini API to get more control over your spend</h4>
</div>
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__info" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__author">
By
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__author--name" data-target="author">
Nabila Babar
</span>
&
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__author--name" data-target="author">
Jason Stephen
</span>
</div>
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__date" data-target="date">
Apr 15, 2026
</span>
</div>
<svg
class="uni-related-articles-cards__item-arrow"
data-target="arrow"
role="presentation"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</a>
</div>
<div id="uni-related-articles-cards__item--3" class="uni-related-articles-cards__item
uni-related-articles-cards__item--img
">
<a href="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/colab-updates/" class="uni-related-articles-cards__link"
aria-label="Developer tools -
Introducing Learn Mode: your personal coding tutor in Google Colab -
By
Spencer Shumway
&
Mae LaPresta
- Apr 08, 2026"
data-index="3"
data-target="card"
data-primaryTag = "products - developer tools"
data-image="true"
data-ga4-analytics-footer-lead-click='{
"link_text": "Introducing Learn Mode: your personal coding tutor in Google Colab",
"link_url": "https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/colab-updates/",
"source_content": "Related stories",
"related_index": "3",
"related_article_tag": "products - developer tools",
"article_name": "Introducing Learn Mode: your personal coding tutor in Google Colab",
"author_name": "Spencer Shumway, Mae LaPresta",
"content_type": "article page"
}'
>
<div
class="uni-related-articles-cards__item-top-info"
aria-hidden="true"
data-target="card">
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__img">
<img
src="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/ColabLearning_hero.width-300.format-webp.webp"
alt=""
sizes="[{"width":"600", "height":"208"}]"
srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/ColabLearning_hero.width-300.format-webp.webp 300w, https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/ColabLearning_hero.width-600.format-webp.webp 600w"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<span class="uni-eyebrow uni-related-articles-cards__category" data-target="eyebrow">Developer tools</span>
<h4 class="uni-related-articles-cards__headline" data-target="title">Introducing Learn Mode: your personal coding tutor in Google Colab</h4>
</div>
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__info" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__author">
By
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__author--name" data-target="author">
Spencer Shumway
</span>
&
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__author--name" data-target="author">
Mae LaPresta
</span>
</div>
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__date" data-target="date">
Apr 08, 2026
</span>
</div>
<svg
class="uni-related-articles-cards__item-arrow"
data-target="arrow"
role="presentation"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</a>
</div>
<div id="uni-related-articles-cards__item--4" class="uni-related-articles-cards__item
uni-related-articles-cards__item--img
">
<a href="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/introducing-flex-and-priority-inference/" class="uni-related-articles-cards__link"
aria-label="Developer tools -
New ways to balance cost and reliability in the Gemini API -
By
Lucia Loher
&
Hussein Hassan Harrirou
- Apr 02, 2026"
data-index="4"
data-target="card"
data-primaryTag = "products - developer tools"
data-image="true"
data-ga4-analytics-footer-lead-click='{
"link_text": "New ways to balance cost and reliability in the Gemini API",
"link_url": "https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/introducing-flex-and-priority-inference/",
"source_content": "Related stories",
"related_index": "4",
"related_article_tag": "products - developer tools",
"article_name": "New ways to balance cost and reliability in the Gemini API",
"author_name": "Lucia Loher, Hussein Hassan Harrirou",
"content_type": "article page"
}'
>
<div
class="uni-related-articles-cards__item-top-info"
aria-hidden="true"
data-target="card">
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__img">
<img
src="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/cost_reliability_Gemini_API-socia.width-300.format-webp.webp"
alt=""
sizes="[{"width":"600", "height":"208"}]"
srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/cost_reliability_Gemini_API-socia.width-300.format-webp.webp 300w, https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/cost_reliability_Gemini_API-socia.width-600.format-webp.webp 600w"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<span class="uni-eyebrow uni-related-articles-cards__category" data-target="eyebrow">Developer tools</span>
<h4 class="uni-related-articles-cards__headline" data-target="title">New ways to balance cost and reliability in the Gemini API</h4>
</div>
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__info" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__author">
By
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__author--name" data-target="author">
Lucia Loher
</span>
&
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__author--name" data-target="author">
Hussein Hassan Harrirou
</span>
</div>
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__date" data-target="date">
Apr 02, 2026
</span>
</div>
<svg
class="uni-related-articles-cards__item-arrow"
data-target="arrow"
role="presentation"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</a>
</div>
<div id="uni-related-articles-cards__item--5" class="uni-related-articles-cards__item
uni-related-articles-cards__item--img
">
<a href="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/ai/google-ai-updates-march-2026/" class="uni-related-articles-cards__link"
aria-label="AI -
The latest AI news we announced in March 2026 -
By
The Keyword Team
- Apr 01, 2026"
data-index="5"
data-target="card"
data-primaryTag = "topics - ai"
data-image="true"
data-ga4-analytics-footer-lead-click='{
"link_text": "The latest AI news we announced in March 2026",
"link_url": "https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/ai/google-ai-updates-march-2026/",
"source_content": "Related stories",
"related_index": "5",
"related_article_tag": "topics - ai",
"article_name": "The latest AI news we announced in March 2026",
"author_name": "The Keyword Team",
"content_type": "article page"
}'
>
<div
class="uni-related-articles-cards__item-top-info"
aria-hidden="true"
data-target="card">
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__img">
<img
src="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/March_2026_AI_Recap_social_hvvlAc.width-300.format-webp.webp"
alt=""
sizes="[{"width":"600", "height":"208"}]"
srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/March_2026_AI_Recap_social_hvvlAc.width-300.format-webp.webp 300w, https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/March_2026_AI_Recap_social_hvvlAc.width-600.format-webp.webp 600w"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<span class="uni-eyebrow uni-related-articles-cards__category" data-target="eyebrow">AI</span>
<h4 class="uni-related-articles-cards__headline" data-target="title">The latest AI news we announced in March 2026</h4>
</div>
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__info" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__author">
By
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__author--name" data-target="author">
The Keyword Team
</span>
</div>
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__date" data-target="date">
Apr 01, 2026
</span>
</div>
<svg
class="uni-related-articles-cards__item-arrow"
data-target="arrow"
role="presentation"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</a>
</div>
<div id="uni-related-articles-cards__item--6" class="uni-related-articles-cards__item
uni-related-articles-cards__item--img
">
<a href="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemini-api-docsmcp-agent-skills/" class="uni-related-articles-cards__link"
aria-label="Developer tools -
Improve coding agents performance with Gemini API Docs MCP and Agent Skills. -
Agents can generate outdated Gemini API code because their training data has a cutoff date. We built two complementary tools to fix this.The Gemini API Docs MCP (https:/… -
By
Trey Nguyen
- Apr 01, 2026"
data-index="6"
data-target="card"
data-primaryTag = "products - developer tools"
data-image="false"
data-ga4-analytics-footer-lead-click='{
"link_text": "Improve coding agents performance with Gemini API Docs MCP and Agent Skills.",
"link_url": "https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemini-api-docsmcp-agent-skills/",
"source_content": "Related stories",
"related_index": "6",
"related_article_tag": "products - developer tools",
"article_name": "Improve coding agents performance with Gemini API Docs MCP and Agent Skills.",
"author_name": "Trey Nguyen",
"content_type": "Short Post"
}'
>
<div
class="uni-related-articles-cards__item-top-info"
aria-hidden="true"
data-target="card">
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__img">
<img
src="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/gemini-api-skills-mcp.width-300.format-webp.webp"
alt=""
sizes="[{"width":"600", "height":"208"}]"
srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/gemini-api-skills-mcp.width-300.format-webp.webp 300w, https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-uniblog-publish-prod/images/gemini-api-skills-mcp.width-600.format-webp.webp 600w"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<span class="uni-eyebrow uni-related-articles-cards__category" data-target="eyebrow">Developer tools</span>
<h4 class="uni-related-articles-cards__headline" data-target="title">Improve coding agents performance with Gemini API Docs MCP and Agent Skills.</h4>
</div>
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__info" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__author">
By
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__author--name" data-target="author">
Trey Nguyen
</span>
</div>
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__date" data-target="date">
Apr 01, 2026
</span>
</div>
<svg
class="uni-related-articles-cards__item-arrow"
data-target="arrow"
role="presentation"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-arrow-forward-no-bg"></use>
</svg>
</a>
</div>
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__item--placeholder">.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="uni-related-articles-cards__pagination ga4-bullets
" aria-label="Pagination" role="tablist">
<button
class="uni-related-articles-cards__dot"
type="button"
role="tab"
aria-selected="false"
aria-controls="uni-related-articles-cards__item--1"
data-index="1"
aria-live="polite"
data-ga4-analytics-carousel-scroll-click='{
"toggle_type_direction": "bullet",
"position": "1"
}'
>
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__dot-text">
Jump to position 1</span>
</button>
<button
class="uni-related-articles-cards__dot"
type="button"
role="tab"
aria-selected="false"
aria-controls="uni-related-articles-cards__item--2"
data-index="2"
aria-live="polite"
data-ga4-analytics-carousel-scroll-click='{
"toggle_type_direction": "bullet",
"position": "2"
}'
>
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__dot-text">
Jump to position 2</span>
</button>
<button
class="uni-related-articles-cards__dot"
type="button"
role="tab"
aria-selected="false"
aria-controls="uni-related-articles-cards__item--3"
data-index="3"
aria-live="polite"
data-ga4-analytics-carousel-scroll-click='{
"toggle_type_direction": "bullet",
"position": "3"
}'
>
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__dot-text">
Jump to position 3</span>
</button>
<button
class="uni-related-articles-cards__dot"
type="button"
role="tab"
aria-selected="false"
aria-controls="uni-related-articles-cards__item--4"
data-index="4"
aria-live="polite"
data-ga4-analytics-carousel-scroll-click='{
"toggle_type_direction": "bullet",
"position": "4"
}'
>
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__dot-text">
Jump to position 4</span>
</button>
<button
class="uni-related-articles-cards__dot"
type="button"
role="tab"
aria-selected="false"
aria-controls="uni-related-articles-cards__item--5"
data-index="5"
aria-live="polite"
data-ga4-analytics-carousel-scroll-click='{
"toggle_type_direction": "bullet",
"position": "5"
}'
>
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__dot-text">
Jump to position 5</span>
</button>
<button
class="uni-related-articles-cards__dot"
type="button"
role="tab"
aria-selected="false"
aria-controls="uni-related-articles-cards__item--6"
data-index="6"
aria-live="polite"
data-ga4-analytics-carousel-scroll-click='{
"toggle_type_direction": "bullet",
"position": "6"
}'
>
<span class="uni-related-articles-cards__dot-text">
Jump to position 6</span>
</button>
</div>
</div>
</main>
<div class="uni-newsletter-toast"
data-component="uni-newsletter-toast">
<div class="h-c-page">
<div class="uni-newsletter-toast--container h-c-grid">
<div class="uni-newsletter-toast__info h-c-grid__col h-c-grid__col--12 h-c-grid__col-l--9 h-c-grid__col--align-middle">
<div class="uni-newsletter-toast__img">
<img src="/static/blogv2/images/newsletter_toast.svg?version=pr20260415-1638" alt="">
</div>
<p class="uni-newsletter-toast__text">Lets stay in touch. Get the latest news from Google in your inbox.</p>
</div>
<div class="uni-newsletter-toast__buttons h-c-grid__col h-c-grid__col--8 h-c-grid__col-l--3">
<a class="uni-newsletter-toast__cta uni-newsletter-toast__cta--sub"
href="/newsletter-subscribe/"
tabindex="0"
aria-label="Newsletter subscribe"
data-content-type="blogv2 | article page"
>Subscribe</a>
<button class="uni-newsletter-toast__cta uni-newsletter-toast__cta--no"
tabindex="0"
data-content-type="blogv2 | article page">No thanks</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<footer class="h-c-footer h-c-footer--topmargin h-c-footer--standard h-has-social"
id="footer-standard"
data-component="uni-footer-component"
data-analytics-module='{
"module_name": "footer",
"section_header": "Gemma 4: Byte for byte, the most capable open models"
}'>
<section class="h-c-footer__upper">
<section class="h-c-social">
<div class="h-c-social__group">
<p class="h-c-social__title h-c-social__title--inline">
Follow Us
</p>
<ul class="h-c-social__list h-no-bullet">
<li class="h-c-social__item">
<a class="h-c-social__link uni-click-tracker"
aria-label="Instagram"
href="https://www.instagram.com/google/">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--24px h-c-icon--social"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 18 18"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-instagram"></use>
</svg>
</a>
</li>
<li class="h-c-social__item">
<a class="h-c-social__link uni-click-tracker"
aria-label="x.com"
href="https://twitter.com/google">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--24px h-c-icon--social"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 18 18"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-x"></use>
</svg>
</a>
</li>
<li class="h-c-social__item">
<a class="h-c-social__link uni-click-tracker"
aria-label="YouTube"
href="https://www.youtube.com/google">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--24px h-c-icon--social"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 18 18"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-youtube"></use>
</svg>
</a>
</li>
<li class="h-c-social__item">
<a class="h-c-social__link uni-click-tracker"
aria-label="Facebook"
href="https://www.facebook.com/Google">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--24px h-c-icon--social"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 18 18"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-facebook"></use>
</svg>
</a>
</li>
<li class="h-c-social__item">
<a class="h-c-social__link uni-click-tracker"
aria-label="LinkedIn"
href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/google">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--24px h-c-icon--social"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 18 18"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#social-linkedin"></use>
</svg>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section class="h-c-footer__global">
<div class="h-c-footer__logo">
<a class="uni-click-tracker" href="https://www.google.com" aria-label="The Google logo">
<svg
class="h-c-footer__logo-img"
aria-hidden="true"
viewBox="0 0 396 130"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#google-logo"></use>
</svg>
</a>
</div>
<ul class="h-c-footer__global-links h-no-bullet">
<li class="h-c-footer__global-links-list-item">
<a class="h-c-footer__link uni-click-tracker" href="https://policies.google.com/privacy">Privacy
</a>
</li>
<li class="h-c-footer__global-links-list-item">
<a class="h-c-footer__link uni-click-tracker" href="https://policies.google.com/terms">Terms
</a>
</li>
<li class="h-c-footer__global-links-list-item">
<a class="h-c-footer__link uni-click-tracker" href="https://about.google/">About Google
</a>
</li>
<li class="h-c-footer__global-links-list-item">
<a class="h-c-footer__link uni-click-tracker" href="https://about.google/products/">Google Products
</a>
</li>
<li class="h-c-footer__global-links-list-item">
<a class="h-c-footer__link uni-click-tracker" href="/about/">About the Keyword
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<ul class="h-c-footer__global-links h-c-footer__global-links--extra h-no-bullet">
<li class="h-c-footer__global-links-list-item h-c-footer__global-links-list-item--extra">
<a class="h-c-footer__link uni-click-tracker" href="https://support.google.com">
<svg
class="h-c-icon h-c-icon--24px h-c-icon--footer"
aria-hidden="true"
>
<use
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
href="/static/blogv2/images/icons.svg?version=pr20260415-1638#mi-help"></use>
</svg>
Help
</a>
</li>
<li class="h-c-footer__global-links-list-item h-c-footer__global-links-list-item--extra uni-footer-language">
<div class="uni-picker" data-component="uni-lang-picker">
<select name="language"
class="uni-picker__order-menu"
aria-label="Change Region">
<option label="Global (English)"
value="https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/"
class="uni-picker__item"
selected="selected"
data-selected-index="0"
>
Global (English)
</option>
<option label="Africa (English)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/en-africa/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Africa (English)
</option>
<option label="Australia (English)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/en-au/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Australia (English)
</option>
<option label="Brasil (Português)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/pt-br/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Brasil (Português)
</option>
<option label="Canada (English)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/en-ca/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Canada (English)
</option>
<option label="Canada (Français)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/fr-ca/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Canada (Français)
</option>
<option label="Česko (Čeština)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/cs-cz/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Česko (Čeština)
</option>
<option label="Deutschland (Deutsch)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/de-de/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Deutschland (Deutsch)
</option>
<option label="España (Español)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/es-es/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
España (Español)
</option>
<option label="France (Français)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/fr-fr/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
France (Français)
</option>
<option label="Greece (Ελληνικά)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/el-gr/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Greece (Ελληνικά)
</option>
<option label="India (English)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/en-in/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
India (English)
</option>
<option label="Indonesia (Bahasa Indonesia)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/id-id/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Indonesia (Bahasa Indonesia)
</option>
<option label="Italia (Italiano)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/it-it/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Italia (Italiano)
</option>
<option label="日本 (日本語)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/ja-jp/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
日本 (日本語)
</option>
<option label="대한민국 (한국어)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/ko-kr/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
대한민국 (한국어)
</option>
<option label="Latinoamérica (Español)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/es-419/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Latinoamérica (Español)
</option>
<option label="الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا (اللغة العربية)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/ar-mena/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا (اللغة العربية)
</option>
<option label="MENA (English)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/en-mena/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
MENA (English)
</option>
<option label="Nederlands (Nederland)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/nl-nl/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Nederlands (Nederland)
</option>
<option label="New Zealand (English)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/en-nz/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
New Zealand (English)
</option>
<option label="Polska (Polski)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/pl-pl/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Polska (Polski)
</option>
<option label="Portugal (Português)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/pt-pt/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Portugal (Português)
</option>
<option label="Sverige (Svenska)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/sv-se/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Sverige (Svenska)
</option>
<option label="ประเทศไทย (ไทย)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/th-th/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
ประเทศไทย (ไทย)
</option>
<option label="Türkiye (Türkçe)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/tr-tr/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
Türkiye (Türkçe)
</option>
<option label="台灣 (中文)"
value="https://blog.google/intl/zh-tw/"
class="uni-picker__item"
>
台灣 (中文)
</option>
</select>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</footer>
<script>
document.querySelectorAll('[data-js-preload]').forEach(el => {
var data = el.getAttribute('data-js-preload');
if (data) {
const data = JSON.parse(el.getAttribute('data-js-preload'));
const link = document.createElement('link');
link.rel = 'preload';
link.href = data.href,
link.as = 'script';
document.head.appendChild(link);
}
});
</script>
<div id="base-scripts" data-scripts='[
{ "url": "/static/blogv2/js/csp/gtm.js?version=pr20260415-1638",
"options": {
"async": false,
"defer": true
}
},
{ "url": "/static/keyword/js/all/index.js?version=pr20260415-1638",
"options": {
"async": false,
"defer": false
}
},
{
"url": "https://www.gstatic.com/glue/cookienotificationbar/cookienotificationbar.min.js",
"options": {
"async": false,
"defer": true
},
"attributes": {
"data-glue-cookie-notification-bar-category": "2B",
"data-glue-cookie-notification-bar-site-id": "blog.google"
}
}
]'></div>
<div class="extra-scripts">
<div async data-src="https://cdn.ampproject.org/amp-story-player-v0.js" data-id="amp-cdn"></div>
</div>
<script>
const baseScripts = JSON.parse(document.querySelector("#base-scripts")?.getAttribute("data-scripts") || "[]");
const userbar = typeof userbarScripts !== "undefined" && userbarScripts ? userbarScripts : [];
const extraScripts = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll(".extra-scripts div[data-src]")).map(el => {
const attrs = {};
Array.from(el.attributes).forEach(attr => {
attrs[attr.name === "data-src" ? "src" : attr.name] = attr.value;
});
return {
url: attrs.src,
options: {},
attributes: Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(attrs).filter(([k]) => k !== "src"))
};
});
[...baseScripts, ...userbar, ...extraScripts].forEach(({ url, options = {}, attributes = {} }) => {
const script = Object.assign(document.createElement("script"), {
async: options.async,
defer: options.defer,
src: url,
});
Object.entries(attributes).forEach(([k, v]) => script.setAttribute(k, v));
document.head.appendChild(script);
});
</script>
</body>
</html>