# Gemma 4 Capabilities Reference

## Modalities

### Text (all variants)
- Standard instruction-following, chat, completion
- System prompt support (critical — see synthesis)
- 128K context window (training length)
- 262K vocabulary

### Vision (all variants)
- **Tested and verified working** (Seth, 2026-04-10)
- Accurately described colors, shapes, composition in 256x256 test image
- ~25 tok/s, ~24s end-to-end on pve197 V100
- Input: base64-encoded image in `images` field of Ollama API
- Vision encoder: 16x16 patches, 2D RoPE, variable aspect ratio
- Token budgets scale with resolution (70-1120 soft tokens)
- Used in AI_Visualizer for SDXL frame quality criticism

### Audio (E2B/E4B only)
- **Not tested by Seth** — status unknown in practice
- Conformer architecture (~300M params), mel-spectrogram input
- **Trained on SPEECH ONLY — not music or environmental sounds**
- Maximum 30 seconds per clip
- NOT available on 26B or 31B variants
- AI_Visualizer explicitly rejected audio for music analysis (DECISIONS S2) — correct call, model wasn't trained for it

### Video (all variants)
- E2B/E4B: video WITH audio (`load_audio_from_video=True`)
- 31B/26B: video WITHOUT audio
- Not explicitly post-trained on video but works
- Maximum 60 seconds at 1 frame/second
- Not tested by Seth

### Tool Calling / Function Calling
- **Verified reliable** in both Simon and AI_Visualizer
- Ollama native tool format (OpenAI-compatible function calling)
- Simon: 6 genealogy tools, up to 12 sequential iterations
- Supports parallel tool calls in single response
- Weak at deeply nested JSON schemas -> prefer sequential calls

## Benchmark Context (vs Gemma 3)

- 31B replaces Gemma 3 27B (60 layers vs 62, but wider)
- MoE variant (26B) is new — no Gemma 3 equivalent
- E-series with PLE is new — on-device focus
- Proportional RoPE replaces linear frequency scaling -> better long-context
- Shared KV cache is new -> more efficient inference

## What Gemma 4 Does NOT Do

- No native code execution / sandboxing
- No web browsing or retrieval
- Audio only on E-series (not the models most people run)
- No built-in RAG — tool calling can implement it